Recommendations for the selection and installation of foundation bolts

During construction or overhaul, the strength and stability of the structure being built are fundamental. Thanks to the use of foundation bolts, it is possible to firmly fix the supporting columns in the building, as well as securely fix the necessary equipment. The principle of operation of such anchor fasteners based on the "anchor".

Despite the fact that each type of foundation is a durable and reliable system, it is recommended to connect it to the walls using specially designed fasteners. They are foundation bolts. They are inserted into the structure before the concrete is poured or after it. In this article we will describe in detail the nuances of their installation.

In construction, for fastening reinforced concrete or steel structures to the base, special fasteners are used - anchor bolts. Their use makes it possible to significantly increase the stability of the building structure itself. But also the foundation bolts allow you to securely fasten the bearing columns and other necessary elements of the constructed object. Their principle of operation is based on the type of anchor built into the construction of the building material itself, firmly fastened with it. It is very important to choose the right anchor fasteners.

The production of this fastening products is carried out according to a special document. - it is known to all professional builders GOST 24379.1-80. Crashing into the foundations of a building, anchor bolts create a strong joint that can withstand heavy loads (dynamic and static). But this is subject to the construction technology. To ensure all this, in the manufacture of applied exclusively high-quality materials. On top of the bolts are additionally covered with a layer of zinc, which protects against environmental influences.

Anchoring is used for the construction of the foundation of various types. Therefore, these products may be different: size, steel grade, weight and length. Today, in the domestic market in this segment, these products are presented from 15 centimeters to 5 meters.

As for the types of foundation bolts, they are classified into several types.

• Curved. They are performed in the form of a metal rod, one end of which has a curved shape. Outwardly, it looks like a hook. Intend for installation in the reinforced concrete basement and connection of the large-size equipment.
• Compound. Their length can reach several meters. The structure consists of such elements as a threaded rod, anchor plate, coupling, nut and metal pin. These fasteners are used in the case when there is a need to perform the screed two structural elements. One end is in the concrete, and the other is screwed into the sleeve. The diameter of the composite bolt is different (M16, M20, M24, M28, M30, M36, and others). You can choose it from a special table.
• Straight lines The design of the bolt is similar to an ordinary metal pin. There is a thread at one end.Its length can be 140 centimeters. A distinctive feature here is the fact that the straight bolt can be mounted in a ready-made foundation. For their reliable fastening, a special adhesive composition or cement is used.

• With a special anchor plate. The manufacture of such fasteners is based on the current GOST 24379.1-80. One part of the bolt is fixed before the foundation itself is justified. This is done through welding or threaded connection. A feature of this fastener is the size. It can reach up to 5 meters.
• Removable type. There is a special anchor system. With its help, reliable fixation in a reinforced concrete, brick or stone foundation is carried out. Thanks to this fastener, it is possible to install different engineering structures. The lower clip of the bolt is laid in the foundation, and the upper stud with thread is mounted after the completion of concreting.
• With a conic tip. The collet bolt is mounted directly into the foundation. The area of ​​destination - fastening of boilers to the wall, pieces of furniture and much more.Thanks to the special collet of the expanding type, wedged when tightening, a strong and reliable fixation is ensured.

Before proceeding with the installation of this type of mounting, it is necessary to calculate the necessary bolts according to the project documentation. This is done to determine their performance. Consider the distance from the edge of the foundation, as well as the depth of the hole. Anchor bolts are held due to such features as bonding, support and friction. As for the stop, this is the load that the fastener takes on and compensates for its structural characteristics. Load provides friction. But gluing is the compensation of these loads due to "tangential stresses".

But it is also worth paying attention to the fact that the size of the anchor together with the depth of embedding should not be greater than the height of the foundation itself. This is very important, otherwise at the time of tightening the bolt itself a violation of fixation will occur. You will not achieve the required reliability of such anchoring.The connection to the stove must be rigid and durable.

Anchoring is not a complicated procedure. It can be done independently without the involvement of a team of professionals.

However, for this you need to follow a number of basic rules.

• Thoroughly study the plan of the construction site, and determine the exact location for the installation of anchor bolts.
• Control the depth of immersion of this attachment into the already formed foundation. It should not be greater than its thickness.
• Be sure to consider the distance between adjacent fasteners. The calculation is quite simple: these are two values ​​of the depth of embedding.
• Foundation bolts must be strictly vertical.
• The formation of the block of this type of attachment. After the concrete has completely dried, it is necessary to fasten all the ends of the bolts with an iron plate or board with pre-drilled holes. Due to this, the reliability of the whole structure will be high.
• If you fix anchor fasteners before filling the foundation, then it is also worthwhile to calculate in advance their most accurate location according to the design of the building.

If you doubt your abilities, then the installation of anchor bolts is best to entrust these professionals in their field. This will not only save your strength, nerves, time, but also money for the repair of the entire structure.

If you want to choose the most high-quality anchoring, then for this you should take into account the following main characteristics:

• the load that the bolt is able to withstand;
• required length;
• type of attachment, based on the design features of the foundation;
• type, strength and structure of the base itself;
• the distance between the holes;
• cumbersome and volume design that you need to hang.

If you have a removable design, the anchor reinforcement is mounted before concreting. Studs are installed on completion of the foundation casting. As for the size of the fastener, it is selected based on the weight and size of the structure itself. The larger it is, the longer the anchor bolt must be. Its size can always be determined on the basis of marking. The first digit here shows the outer diameter, the second - the inner diameter, and the third corresponds to the total length.

As for the installation of anchor bolts, it is the same everywhere. The exception is the drive hardware. There is no need to turn the nut, and hammer the anchor with a hammer.

Recommendations for the foundation and installation of the fundamental bolts in the next video.