The subtleties of the ceiling

Ceiling decoration is an integral part of the overall design of the room. The design of the ceiling space should be consistent with all the style of the interior. There is a wide variety of materials and finishes. In order not to be mistaken in the choice, it is worthwhile to get acquainted with traditional and new design solutions for the ceiling, find out how the size of the room influences this choice, how you can decorate it and what colors can be combined to create a harmonious interior.

The design of the ceiling depends on what room to finish. The decoration in a city apartment is different from the dacha finish. We spend a lot of time in the house and the disadvantages of finishing will not be ignored. It is appropriate to respect the entire chain of the technological cycle.To prepare the surface of the upper overlap, you need to more carefully approach the choice of colors and textures, special importance is attached to the types of decor.

Finishing work in the country depends on the conditions of use of a country house - whether the room is heated or used only in summertime, whether low temperatures and humidity will affect the material of the ceiling covering. A universal solution would be to sheathe the ceiling with a tree, if a rail is used in the design of the cottage. Such a ceiling will last for many years and, if necessary, you can simply paint it in the desired color.

Preferring one or another variant of the ceiling covering, you need to take into account the size of the room. The ceiling on the suspended structures will remove 5-10 centimeters in height, in low rooms it is better to do painting or wallpapering on the plaster. On the contrary, the dimensions of the narrow and high rooms can be balanced by lowering the design of suspensions to the desired height. In the attic rooms in this way you can remove up to two meters in height to arrange the room in a traditional style.

The use of color and different levels in the design of the ceiling allows you to zone the room and visually influence the size. A transverse beam of wood or a protruding plane of plasterboard will divide the space and expand the boundaries of the walls of a long narrow room. The same effect will be obtained if the transverse strip is made in a contrasting color. With care it is necessary to use dark colors in the ceiling tinting. They make the upper part of the space heavier. This technique is acceptable when finishing the walls with very light or white flowers and a sufficient height of the room.

Some types of ceiling decorating can be done independently; for more complex finishes, it is better to invite specialists. To carry out an exclusive design ceiling, design documentation is drawn up, a plan for a constructive solution, an electrical wiring and lighting scheme are drawn, tinting sketches are prepared in relation to a specific object. Such design work is not cheap, there will be costs for high-quality materials and payment for the work of specialists, but as a result you become the owner of a unique ceiling that will surprise guests and decorate the home.

The traditional and oldest technique of finishing the ceiling is whitewashing.Any housewife is familiar with the whitewash scheme: the old layer of chalk whitewash is slightly blurred with a wet sponge or brush, then a new clean water-chalk solution is applied from a spray bottle or a wide brush. At the first painting several layers of whitewash are applied on the ceiling plate. The advantage here is the ease of repair work and the painting itself, the harmlessness of the chalk solution, resistance to high temperatures. The advantages include the immutability of the height of the room.

The disadvantages include careful preparation of the floor surface. The cycle of work is as follows: the floor slab is cleaned of dust, cement splashes and degreased in the presence of oil stains. The surface is covered with a primer, on the primer plaster in heated rooms with gypsum plaster, and in the ancillary - with cement. If there are gaps between the plates or a large height difference, beacons are set and the surface is aligned with the beacons. Next, the treatment is done with a leveling putty, on which a primer is applied and special glass fiber is glued to a special glue. This is followed by a layer of finishing putty, which is rubbed off first with a large-mesh mesh, then fine-meshed by hand or mechanically. Now the surface is ready for whitewashing.

Chalk colors have lost their relevance today. and they were replaced by acrylic and water-dispersion paints. This ceiling can be washed, this coating lasts longer, but the preparation for painting is performed in the same manner as for whitewashing. Both that, and other type of furnish can be painted in any color suitable for registration of an interior. On this basis, make frescoes and paintings that adorn the front halls and living rooms. From the decor used stucco, to give greater solemnity add gilt.

Noble looks solid white ceiling in a classic style.

Affordable and simple in performance is pasting the ceiling wallpaper. This coating can be done independently, choosing wallpaper to match the wallpaper of the walls or use brightly colored accents on the ceiling with monochrome interior decoration. Preparing the floor is a little easier than whitewashing. Here it is enough to apply a layer of leveling putty on the plaster. Dense wallpapers conceal minor surface defects. Vinyl wallpaper can be painted several times, updating the color.

Replaced the paper came liquid wallpaper. Here there is a large variation in colors, availability of material, ease of application, great durability, the ability to change the color range. The disadvantages include the difficulty of wet cleaning and the accumulation of dust in the texture.

The next group of types of ceiling decoration refers to suspended structures to which the base material is attached. There are several such materials.

Drywall is an inexpensive material with a surface prepared for applying a final putty. For this finish option no overlap processing is required. These ceilings do not need to level the overlap of floor slabs, it is an environmentally friendly material, non-combustible, easy to install.

At the initial stage, a frame is assembled, which consists of metal profiles fixed on hangers. Determined by the lighting scheme, laid wiring. Then the frame is sheathed with sheets of drywall, cut holes for the installation of lighting. Gypsum plasterboard putty in the joints, stick fiberglass and pass a layer of finishing putty. The surface is painted in the desired color.This type of ceiling can be pasted over with wallpaper or trimmed with liquid wallpaper, then you can restrict yourself to sealing the seams between the sheets with putty. Thus, the plane of the ceiling is lowered by at least 10 centimeters; this should be taken into account when choosing the method of finishing the ceiling in low rooms.

Ceilings on the frame can be done in several levelsThis will add artistic expression to the interior. Multi-level ceilings look good in spacious high spaces. In a small room it is worth staying on a rectilinear ceiling or mounting one protruding level in the center or along one of the walls. In the side faces of the level mount the LED strip or in the plane of the ceiling on the outlines of the level of several point lights.

Suspended plasterboard ceilings are indispensable if you need to perform complex relief on the ceiling.

Recently, stretch ceilings have become very popular. They are easily and quickly mounted, do not require special preparation of the floor surface, only the installation of the frame. The frame of the metal profile is attached to the walls, so the ceiling is lowered only to the height of the profile from three to 5 centimeters. At the next stage, electrical wiring is made for lighting.The finishing fabric is tightened and fixed in several places, then with the help of an electric generator it is heated and with a spatula, it is bent between the profile and the wall. The wall and ceiling joint is decorated with molding.

PVC canvas can be classified into the following types: matte, glossy, satin and fabric. The matte surface is suitable for almost any interior, regardless of the size of the room. Such a solution would be ideal for low rooms. The lack of a matte surface is its ability to absorb light, so you need to take care of sufficient lighting. The choice of this type of canvas is suitable for a classic room design with wooden furniture, traditional curtains and paintings, for which there is no need for glare in the room.

For ultramodern trends in interior design, manufacturers offer a glossy canvas. The glossy ceiling due to the reflectivity and glare of light adds illumination to the room and visually raises the ceiling. Gloss acts according to the principle of reflection in a pond - if the floor is trimmed with glossy ceramic granite, then the objects will be repeatedly reflected, creating an effect of infinity.If you add one or another color solution, you can get an extremely stylish effect on the floor and ceiling.

Satin canvas combines the advantages of both types of finishes. Preserving the nobility of matte material, it has a light gloss of satin fabric and pearl motifs. It is the best choice for classical architectural solutions. The low gloss of the structure of the canvas emphasizes the play of light on the ceiling, the weave pattern changes shades from different angles, which adds richness to the texture. With natural light, color schemes look darker than with electric ones.

Similar properties have fabric stretch ceilings. In this case, a thin layer of PVC is applied to the fabric in the factory, which makes the canvas elastic and does not hide the features of the weave. They make a professional art painting on the fabric or choose an existing pattern, but this type of finishing material is the most expensive.

Modern technologies allow multi-level ceilings made of PVC or fabric.

A plus of stretch ceilings is durability, high performance and durability, a large variety of textures and fabric colors, they are easy to keep clean, just wipe with a damp cloth.Finishing material has a high moisture resistance, it can be used in rooms for any purpose.

The disadvantages include the impossibility of self-installationas the special equipment and knowledge of technology, and restriction of use in not heated rooms is required. You can not make minor repairs. If such a ceiling is damaged or flooded from the upper floor, the canvas shall be completely replaced.

The next popular type of ceiling decoration are suspended modular ceilings. Here allocate ceilings "Armstrong". In the ratings of finishing materials for administrative and office buildings, they occupy the first place. The ceiling consists of a metal frame attached to the floor slab, in the form of squares or rectangles. Plates of pressed mineral fiber (stone wool with starch, latex, gypsum, cellulose) are inserted into these squares, which are held by the T-shaped profile of the frame.

The plates have a standard size of 60x60 centimeters and a thickness of 1-2.5 centimeters. Rectangular plates are available in the size of 120x60 centimeters. The most affordable and practical ceilings are the Oasis and Baikal in white or gray.Plates "Biogard" have a special antimicrobial coating, which expands the scope of application in kitchens and dining rooms. Plates "Prima" withstand high humidity. Additional sound insulation have ceilings "Ultima".

A variety of suspended structures are cassette ceilings. They are often used in the decoration of houses because of their decoration. Modules can be of any color, as well as mirror, metal, polymer. Their performance is much higher, and ease of assembly leads them to the leaders of sales.

Another variant of the modular ceiling is the “Grilyato” ceiling. These are lattices from the aluminum shape. Their configurations are very diverse, you can paint in any color, there are no difficulties in installation, they let in light, which allows you to mount the original lighting. Earlier Grilyato designs were used in industrial buildings and canteens.There are lattices of dense small rectangles - blinds, square mesh system “Standard”, a pyramid cell, which visually increases the height of the room - “Pyramid”. These cellular ceilings can be located at different levels. Today, when industrial design styles have become fashionable, lattice modules are at their peak of popularity, which allow you to create fantastic interiors.

The most economical option is recognized modules made of PVC or foam. They are equipped with ornamental relief, wood or stone texture. Have a wide variety of colors. Even an unsophisticated person in construction can cope with gluing slabs on the ceiling. After gluing the tiles, the seams are plastered with a putty to match the color of the module. With a flat base and neat installation of the modules, a beautiful ceiling is obtained.

Rack ceiling is well known for national rural construction.Wooden fellings were trimmed with wooden plank or rail, since wood was the most accessible material, wood is a very durable material, retains heat well, and has excellent sound insulation properties. Minus - susceptibility to rotting and fungal diseases in violation of temperature and humidity conditions.

Wood adapts well to high humidity, is a "breathable" material, environmentally friendly. Some types of wood produce resins useful for respiratory organs when heated; this effect is successfully used in baths and saunas. Designers with pleasure apply a wooden lath in finishing of rooms.Rack ceiling after special treatment from rotting is covered with varnish, wax or stain on water or oil basis. When repairing the blackened from the time of the ceiling, you can sand the top layer, so clean wood will open. With a deep defeat of the array, the ceiling is simply painted with paint.

Today, natural finishing materials are increasingly being replaced with artificial ones. Widespread PVC ceiling rails. The construction of PVC slats is very light, not afraid of moisture, its installation is not complicated, the whole technological cycle takes a little time. Manufacturers produce high-quality imitations of natural materials that can not be identified "by eye". Similar ceiling slats are made of metal decorated with gold or with a smooth surface. Affordable decorative material allows you to create luxurious interiors.

Covering the ceiling and walls of the RSD will be an original and simple solution. Plate OSB is used as a smooth and durable base for finishing other materials, it can also be a clean solution to the ceiling.This material is now at the peak of popularity, as it has an interesting structure and color scheme in natural colors. Plates OSB have high moisture resistance, durable, aesthetic.

Reed mats have become an interesting technique for finishing a country house or an attic, they are not very durable, but with proper protection from moisture they will last for several years and will add an exotic note to the design of the villa.

Rooms with a bevel ceiling is usually difficult to beautifully equip. An unused area appears in the low part of the room where unwanted things accumulate. It is better to place such rooms under the bedroom and place the headboard against a low wall. A good idea would be a combined ceiling trim with contrasting materials. Bright color will warn against bruises and decorate the interior.

Modern design trends attach great importance to the modeling of the ceiling space. The floor can only have a horizontal plane, the walls - vertical, but the ceiling is given the most bizarre configuration. And use for this a combination of simple types of finishes - from whitewashing to wooden slats.

Original designs are made from a combination of designs fromdrywall and tensioning elements. When included in the composition of contrasting colors, a stylish ceiling in the style of hi-tech. This design is supported by glossy dark furniture and light-colored walls.

Stretch ceilings with a pattern can completely transform the room, if you use the illumination of the canvas on top and on the sides in the lower level. The effect of volumetric image became available thanks to the technology of creating 3D drawings.

Wood trim is becoming an element of minimalist trends in the design of ultra-modern premises. A multi-level plasterboard ceiling, painted in white color, is filled in the central part with a batten wooden ceiling. Designers in space-transformers give the function of zoning the ceiling.

Wooden ceiling beams come to the fore in the Scandinavian-style slatted ceiling. Structural beams are intentionally highlighted in color. Deliberate roughness ceiling trim is compensated by the elegance of the situation. The dark colors of the ceiling and window frames are balanced by light walls, floor and upholstered furniture.

The ceiling may be in the form of a vault. The architects leave the brickwork as final finishing.Preference is better to give a red or dark brick, some parts are made of wooden panels, behind which the electrical wiring is hidden. The “industrial” ceiling is softened by the classic design of the rest of the room and traditional multi-track chandeliers.

Suspended construction of drywall with a lack of lighting on the attic floor is combined with a glass stained glass ceiling. The stained-glass window is illuminated with natural light, or a lighting system is mounted into it, which is hidden inside the structure.

Unique plasterboard designs transform an ordinary room into a fantastic laboratory. Very deep relief is possible due to the significant height of the room. The simplicity of the situation does not distract from the sophisticated pattern of fractures of the upper overlap.

Lighting plays a huge role in the organization of space. Lighting fixtures are varied; you can choose the right one for any finish. Actual today LEDs allow you to simulate and the most unusual way to illuminate the room. LEDs are variable in color, small in size from luminous points to ribbon light.They are mounted in multi-level ceilings, creating unique luminous patterns on the ceiling.

Competently made ceilings will raise the height of the room. To do this, use the reception institution of the ceiling on the wall or the ceiling on the wall with the help of color. Ceiling cornice is painted in the color of the walls, and the central part is tinted with light shining colors. White gypsum panels in the middle should be divided by a strip of stretch fabric imitating golden reed mats. The ceiling of the room visually rises.

For narrow rooms, décor on the ceiling is arranged along the short side; transverse lines “push apart” the walls. If you want to extend the short and wide room, mount longitudinal relief lines with illumination on the ceiling. This will set the wall apart and make the size of the room more harmonious.

Knowing all the subtleties of the ceiling, you need to consider the operating conditions of the finishing material. The wide possibilities of modern design for the application of any material are limited by temperature and humidity conditions. For a ceiling device on an unheated attic or an open terrace, you should choose a budget moisture-resistant paint, wooden rail,mesh metal modules. Reed mats will be the original solution for the attic floor.

Interior spaces may vary due to humidity., this is a kitchen, bathroom, shower room and a bathroom. It requires regular sanitary cleaning. A good choice would be the ceiling of PVC slats or whitewashing and painting. Plastic is easy to wash, whitewash or paint is easy to regularly update. Often the bathroom is finished with spectacular metal or mirror panels, but this is impractical, because the panels are rusting from moisture, they will have to be replaced regularly.

Unusual LED lighting pattern on the ceiling.

Modular suspended ceiling in the neoclassical style.

Brutal beams instead of the ceiling.

Tips for choosing a ceiling trim can be found below.