Ceiling repair: details and features of the process

The ceiling is one of the most important functional spaces in any room, which means that, like the walls and the floor, it needs to be periodically repaired. Its frequency will depend primarily on the timeliness of cleaning, as well as on the desire of changes of the owners of the premises themselves. Repairing the ceiling is an easy task, you can do it yourself, you just need to choose the right color and type of finish, and then it’s easy.

Features of repair of the ceiling will be due primarily to the choice of material for decoration.

Choosing material, you must be guided by the main aspects.

• Type of house in which the repair will be made. The choice of material and aspects of repair will vary in the private house and in the panel nine-story building, studio apartment in the new house and in the room in the “Khrushchev”.
• The choice of material will also directly depend on the amount that is planned to be spent on repair work, since all materials have different costs and require different investments.

• In addition, the course of the repair will be affected by the initial state of the ceiling base. If it will have many cracks and irregularities, it will first be necessary to level the surface for applying paint or wallpaper.
• In addition, it is important to decide also who exactly will be engaged in repair. If the repair is planned on its own, you can count on a fairly limited range of materials and types of finishes. With the involvement of masters this circle is expanding somewhat.

Types of ceiling structures can be divided into two large groups. The first of these is the so-called main ceilings, when the finishing work is carried out directly on the draft basis. In this case, paint, wallpaper or textured plaster is most often used for repair, and white-washed works can also be carried out. Also stands out a large group of suspended structures. This includes all stretch ceilings, regardless of material and color, all suspended and panel structures, as well as all plasterboard ceilings, which are mounted at some distance from the rough base.

The choice of material that will be used to finish the ceiling will be determined by the purpose of the room, its size and functionality. So, for example, for the bathroom the most common option are slatted ceilings, they can be made of various moisture-resistant materials, and also be completely different colors. In addition, sheets of waterproof cardboard that can later be plastered, painted or covered with plastic panels of any suitable color can be an excellent solution for the bathroom. This design is not only very convenient and practical, but also looks quite aesthetically pleasing and beautiful. In addition, this type of repair work is quite possible to do it yourself without the involvement of specialists.

Suspended ceilings are most often used for office or any other public premises. They are very convenient because they have a long service life, are not subject to pollution. In addition, since this type of repair involves the use of individual tiles of different colors, if necessary, individual elements can be replaced at any time,and inside the structure it is quite possible to hide the abundance of office wires.

In the rooms of residential apartments are increasingly used system of stretch ceilings. This is a very convenient option that does not require any efforts at all to level the base, since the web is located at some distance. The fabric is used as matte and glossy of any color and texture. The advantage of this type of ceiling covering is that if it is flooded from above, such a ceiling will not allow water to get into the apartment, it will gather on the fabric, and if a special valve is installed, the water can be easily drained. However, it is better to entrust the installation of such a coating to specialists, otherwise a violation of the technological process is possible, which would entail an improper installation, and subsequently - a shortened service life.

A variety of materials for decoration today offers many options. Each material will have its own cost, suitable for various premises of the purpose, as well as have a different service life and different complexity in installation.

One of the cheapest and easiest to apply options is paint. and various mixtures for whitewashing. Painting does not change the height of the ceiling, in contrast to the tension or mounted structures, in addition, depending on the type of paint, you can paint in different rooms, including in the bathroom and in the kitchen.

The service life of such finishes will also depend on the type of paint, since different types may have different degrees of susceptibility to sunlight. Room humidity can also shorten the life of some coatings, and light-colored versions of various paints can simply become dirty quickly. Thus, a properly selected mixture for dyeing can serve up to 10 years without any complaints, before it needs to be updated.

The most popular today water-based paint, as well as lime or chalk whitewash.The popularity of these coatings is due to their environmental friendliness, ease of application, the absence of an unpleasant chemical smell, as well as a short drying time. In addition, these materials can be tinted in any desired color. You can do it yourself, by purchasing a special tinting paste, and by contacting a specialist in any major hardware store. However, choosing between whitewashing and water-based coloring, it is worth remembering that the paint is still a more durable and durable material, it eliminates detachment and yellowing, which during service can not be avoided when using lime and coated solutions.

You can decorate the ceiling with the help of various types of wallpaper. Such options, of course, are more suitable for rooms with low traffic and normal temperature conditions with normal humidity. Wallpapers can be an ideal option for a bedroom or living room.

There are several types of wallpaper that are suitable for decoration.

• Paper - the cheapest option to cover. When choosing paper, it should be taken into account that they are completely unsuitable for wet rooms, have a short lifespan, quickly get dirty and fade.

• Vinyl. Such wallpapers can be on paper or non-woven basis, they are more durable, however, given their weight, the correct pasting of the ceiling may require quite serious efforts. Due to the moisture-proof structure, such wallpaper can be wiped with a damp cloth, which allows to extend the life of the coating and keep it in its original form for a longer period.
• Flizelinovye. These wallpapers have a dense structure and a large enough weight. You need to choose the right glue and carefully coat the canvas and ceiling. Non-woven wallpaper can be made in different colors, as well as just white. If desired, they can be painted in any color you like.

Another fairly common option that does not require special equipment and special skills for self-installation is the use of ceiling panels.Such panels are made of lightweight foam or polystyrene foam. This option will help create an unusual effect of stucco. In addition to the panels, you can use caissons. Most often they are made of wood. There is also a plastic analogue of this material for the decoration of the ceiling group. However, this option is more acceptable for rooms with high enough ceilings.

Another finishing option is fixing MDF or plastic panels over the entire area of ​​the ceiling space. These panels are easy to clean, they are not afraid of moisture and temperature changes, which means that they can be used in the bathroom, besides today you can find a huge range of colors of this type of coating. It can imitate various materials, for example, stone, wood, tile.

The choice of design of the ceiling space is one of the most important aspects for creating an ideal room. Proper selection of material, and most importantly, the design of the ceiling will help get the most harmonious and comfortable room.

However, the choice of design will depend not only on the personal preferences of the owners, but, first of all, on the purpose of the space itself. How it will be used, dictates the choice of materials and, of course, design.

Choosing options for finishing the kitchen, you should always remember that this room is always high humidity, temperature changes and increased possibility of fire. Splashes, dirty spots are possible here, and dust and grease cannot be avoided. Therefore, the choice of finishing will be affected by the possibility of washing it. Easily washable surface of the ceiling and walls will be the best option for the kitchen. The most suitable coating options for the kitchen will be waterproof plasterboard, plastic panels, stretch ceilings and slatted floors.

When planning the design of the ceiling in the bedroom should take into account the main purpose of this room. The bedroom is designed to relax, so in design you should not use too bright aggressive colors. It is better to give preference to something pastel or vice versa, deeper and darker. In addition, the bedroom - this is the room where you can use any material for decoration. It is appropriate and suspended ceilings and wallpaper, and even paint or whitewashing will harmoniously fit into the overall interior. However, it is better to stay on the matte coatings without prints. Also, an excellent option would be textured plaster or wallpaper with convex textures.

If a lot of light penetrates into the bedroom from the windows, you can give preference to dark shades: black, deep blue, maroon, emerald.But darker and too small rooms from dark colors can visually become even smaller, so it is better to take into account the lighter pastel shades and create an interior, pushing from them.

If necessary, zoning space can pay attention to the coating with pictures. For example, large flower prints will look good in the area of ​​the window opening, while it will have to go into a light monochromatic cover. Also, the print can be placed above the bed. This will allow you to visually highlight it and create a very interesting effect.

A perfect solution for a bedroom can also be a ceiling imitating a starry sky. To create this effect, there are a huge number of options - from drawing stars with luminescent paint to installing small LEDs directly into the ceiling surface.

For the ceiling in the living room, multi-level options with recessed spotlights and an overall chandelier in the center of the room are most relevant. However, with all the love for multi-stage ceilings, the coating is still most often chosen to be single-colored, one that can be easily cleaned if necessary and which will visually expand the space.Or 2 colors are used that are in harmony with each other as much as possible.

In addition, if in the bedroom and kitchen more appropriate options with frosted ceilings, for the living room is appropriate glass or glossy surfaces. If you choose the right overall decoration of the room, such a ceiling will look quite appropriate and harmonious.

There is one more type of premises where the correct selection of material and design of the ceiling covering are extremely important. - It is a hall and a bathroom. Here it is imperative to stop the choice on moisture-resistant coatings that are not afraid of wet cleaning. Panels, tiles, slatted floors or suspended ceilings will be the most suitable option. As for the choice of color, it will directly depend on the dimensions of the room and the desire of the consumer. The surface is also better to use matte, however, and mirror options in recent times - not uncommon.

Before proceeding to the design of the ceiling, it is recommended to draw up a design project. Especially this procedure is relevant when creating multi-level options. And this means that before creating a project, it is necessary to determine the type and material of the coating, to plan the approximate location of the light elements.With the help of such a plan, you can not only visualize the future ceiling, but also correctly calculate the amount of materials needed for the repair.

Before creating a plan, it is necessary to make measurements of the premises and calculate the total area of ​​the ceiling. For this you need to multiply the length by the width. Proceeding from this area, it is necessary to draw a plan of the future ceiling at the right scale. This will be the drawing basis from which further design will be born.

The next step is a plan for the placement of illuminating elements, their exact number and layout, if spotlights are used, or simply placement points if single sources of illumination are used that cannot be turned into a drawing.With multi-stage placement, it is better to create a lighting plan for each stage, so it will be more convenient to mount them in the future.

As for lighting, it is advisable to create a separate project for the placement of all wiring, because the internal structure and installation is also quite an important aspect when carrying out repair work.

When creating plans, it is better to rely on interior design specialists, however, you can create the most complete and convenient plan yourself that will facilitate repairs.

If during the repair there is a need to diversify the entourage of the room, then a better solution than a multi-level ceiling is not found.

Moreover, if you choose drywall as the main material, then the installation of a two-level ceiling can be done with your own hands and with minimal costs, as a result you can get a highlight for the space.

The basis of the multi-level design, however trite it may be, is the usual frameIt is firmly fixed on the ceiling, as well as on the walls at the desired height. Most often, a metal profile is used as a base, it is the most durable and easy-to-use material. In addition, you can use a wooden base.It is somewhat cheaper, but it is inferior in strength and in service life.

The first level of the ceiling is formed by covering the frame with sheets of drywall. Proper installation of the first level is the most important step in the installation, because if you plan to place spotlights in the steps, then all the wiring should disappear in this very first level. Up to the next levels only wires will be routed to which the lighting elements themselves will be directly attached.

Two-level ceilings can have completely different arrangements and can imitate semicircular steps or steps with right angles, create different geometric shapes and patterns, and, complemented by spotlights, they add even more charm and appeal to the room. Most often, the second and third steps do not occupy the entire perimeter of the ceiling, but fill only a certain part of it, so a pre-created plan-layout of steps will come to the rescue here.

The peculiarity of the second stage plating and, if necessary, subsequent ones is that, in addition to the base, it is necessary to sheathe plasterboard and the side space of the stage. This technique is used to hide the wiring and other internal components of the ceiling.

Multi-level ceilings are most often mounted in the bedroom, dining room or living room.because these spaces usually have the most impressive dimensions, and multi-level constructions look best and unfold in spacious rooms with a sufficient height of the draft ceiling.

The design of the ceiling project may have its own special rules depending on the purpose of the room and the type of house. Thus, the bedroom project in the “Khrushchev” can be quite different from the same project in a panel house. The consumption of materials will be different, measurements of typical rooms will also vary, the presence or absence of load-bearing walls will also dictate the possibility of installing a particular coating.

For example, the hallway is usually quite small in overall dimensions, which is important to consider when creating drawings and selecting materials.If a multi-level ceiling option was chosen, it can be used to divide the space into two zones - one will be closer to the door, the second will extend the space of the hallway. And if such a division into zones is supplemented with zoning when decorating walls, you can get a rather interesting end result. Choosing suitable colors, it is better to stop at white or any other light paint, which will help not only to distract from the interesting construction, but also visually expand the hallway.

A bathroom with small dimensions is extremely whimsical to materials and to the lighting device. All wires must be perfectly insulated from contact with water, and the ceiling material must be selected with a high level of waterproofing. He should not be afraid of water, condensate and temperature changes. Otherwise, mold and fungus may form, which is subsequently very difficult to get rid of. Ideal options here will be a variety of tiles and plastic panels. When choosing a color you should pay attention to white, all shades of blue, blue, green, sand and soft peach color are also popular.

Without exaggeration, it is necessary to pay the most attention to the choice of a ceiling project in the bedroom, because it is this ceiling that a person sees most often,so most of the time in the bedroom a person spends lying on the bed. One of the most common and simple solutions was and remains the "starry sky". With the help of LEDs in the room is embodied the layout of the sky with stars. This option not only looks very beautiful, but also forms a natural nightlight right on the ceiling.

Ceiling finishing technology may vary depending on the initial surface coverage. In addition, the initial surface finish under the finish will depend on how long it is planned to maintain the repair. If a long service life is not required, the preparatory work can be shortened.

The technology of ceiling finishing includes several stages.

• Development of a plan for the type of ceiling, shape, color, placement of wiring and lamps.
• Preparing the base for mounting directly on the ceiling finish. This stage may include dismantling the old coating, leveling the surfaces, skinning, priming and other manipulations to prepare the base for the coating. If oil paint was applied to the ceiling, the secondary coating will be the most difficult. Another paint will not lie on such a foundation, so to change the surface you will have to apply a fresh layer of the same oil paint or completely get rid of the existing layer. In addition, a complete dismantling should be carried out on the basis of wallpaper. Experts do not recommend sticking several layers of wallpaper, because too heavy construction will simply pull them away from the ceiling.
• Directly mounting the selected design.

It is worth considering the main stages of finishing in more detail.

The main step in the repair is surface preparation. It is necessary to approach this stage extremely carefully, since it is on the initial preparation that the subsequent finishing and service life of the coating will largely depend.

Preparation usually takes place in several stages. The very first action is to isolate the walls and the floor from building materials if they are not planned to be updated. This is followed by the most difficult stage.It includes the removal of the old cover, if it was. It is necessary to get rid of old wallpaper, coatings based on oil, for example, oil paints, whitewash layers. To remove the paint, you can use special remoovers, which can be bought in hardware stores. Their cost is low, but they will help save time and effort on other repairs.

If the repair is carried out in a room with high humidity, it is possible that a fungus can be found on the ceiling and walls. If, after careful inspection of the surface, black-brown spots are found, it is urgent to get rid of them with the help of special antifungal agents, which can also be purchased in hardware stores. You can protect yourself from this problem if you add a special agent against the fungus to the material used, which is an excellent prevention of the secondary appearance and spread of the virus. If the lesions are too large and are deeply ingrained in concrete, then you can remove it with a perforator or gouge it with a special tool, and then walk through the plaster, closing the holes.

After leveling the ceiling, it is necessary to fix the surface with another thin layer of finishing putty, and then walk around the perimeter of the ceiling with a primer that will help get rid of unnecessary dust and improve the adhesion of the finish and the draft ceiling.

At the same stage and in the case of choosing a multi-level ceiling, you can fix the frame or box, which will be the basis for fasteners.

After the preparatory stage is completed, it will be possible to proceed directly to the installation of the ceiling. Repair the ceiling can be completely different ways. Installation methods will depend on the material selected.So, the wallpaper will simply stick to the primed surface with an adhesive suitable for their type. In order to glue the wallpaper, you do not need any superpowers, so this type of installation also will not cause difficulties. Paint is also applied over the primer. Each of her words should dry out as much as possible before another layer lies on top of it.

It is better to entrust the installation of suspended and suspended ceilings to specialists, but the ceilings of drywall can be done with their own hands. Phased installation will be as follows. Everything will start with the preparatory work. The surface must be leveled and dust free. Grinding may help. Next, the surface is important to carefully primed, make markings on those points where in the future it will be possible to mount the guides for the frame. Next comes the mounts phase. In this case, the installation of the frame for the ceiling. The design will be different and will depend on the type of the selected ceiling - it will be multi-level or normal even.

• For different rooms it is necessary to choose the most suitable material and type of ceiling covering. For example, for rooms with high humidity such as baths and toilets, materials with waterproofing are on the first place.
• The first stage of installation work must necessarily be the creation of a design project that will help not only to correctly place all the guides and the chosen type of material, but also to correctly calculate its required quantity.

• If you want to make a stretch ceiling, it is better to use the services of specialists. The installer will help to carry out and preparatory work, and directly establish the desired surface.
• The cheapest version of the repair - it is whitewashing and pasting paper wallpaper.
• When choosing colors it is necessary to focus on the size and purpose of the room.So, for small rooms it is better not to choose dark shades, but for finishing large bedrooms, they may well be suitable.
• Texture of light wallpaper and light textured plaster will help to add light to the space.

• To work, you must have the following tools: perforator and dowels with screws, level, stepladder, hacksaw, spatula, angles for measuring angles.
• Installation of a stretch ceiling is not recommended when the indoor temperature is less than 40 degrees.
• Installation of the frame for all types of suspended structures is better to start from the corner, which is more closely located to the doorway.
• Among the range of stretch ceilings, there are three types of surface: matte, satin and glossy. The type of surface is better to choose from personal preferences and the purpose of the room. So, for the living room and bedroom, you can pick up glossy surfaces, but in the kitchen it is better to choose a matte or satin ceiling.

• Installing any type of suspended ceilings will help to hide small bumps or scratches on the surface of the ceiling.
• The lifetime of the ceiling will depend on the type of room, as well as on the selected material. On average, between repair work can take up to 10 years.
• An excellent addition to suspended ceilings will be the use of embedded spotlights .. Also, without such lights can not do when creating a popular design starry sky.

Examples of beautiful ceilings in the bedroom.

Multi-level ceilings.

Rack ceilings.

On the installation of the ceiling of plastic wall panel, see the video below.