How to choose a garage door?

None of the most robust and warm garage can perform its function, if not put a reliable gate. In addition to purely utilitarian tasks, they also have a decorative role. It is necessary to thoroughly understand all these subtleties in order not to purchase a low-quality product.

Unlike many other types of gates, garage must have a canopy. With the onset of cold weather, home insulation for the car is extremely important; it will reduce the heating charge and drastically reduce heat loss. For those who repair their own cars, this is even more important, because overcooling can be very dangerous, especially in the garage, when there are no other people nearby, or the ability to quickly get into a warm room. In addition, with the help of a fabric curtain, dust penetration from the outside is stopped, and the space inside is demarcated.

The curtain should not be mounted in the opening itself, but at a certain distance from it.with a cloth overlapping the gate with a fair margin to prevent blowing. In areas with a particularly harsh climate, it is recommended to use bed curtains, which are additionally insulated during production. The designs of the curtains are very different - there is a continuous coating, tape systems, samples rolled up in a roll. The fabric can either be extended from the side or descend from above.

Tarpaulin canopies are dense enough, they are woven from thick yarn and impregnated with fire-resistant compounds, hydrophobic agents. This material is not prone to rotting, it is very long, but very heavy. Polyvinyl chloride does not stiffen even with very cold weather, does not catch fire, perfectly resists water and slowly wears off. It is worth considering the option with the use of fabric "Oxford"favorably distinguished by unique weaving and high user characteristics.

Large garage doors are not very practical, and not only because covering them with curtains of normal size does not work.The size of products is selected individually for your needs and the transport that will be stored inside.

Forged garage doors are not only reliable, but also aesthetically appealing; moreover, they can be made independently. Working with metal is, of course, difficult, but the result will fully justify all your efforts. The strength of the forged block depends on the grade of metal used. Forging allows you to give a variety of configurations and geometric shapes. Regardless, forged fences are heavier than conventional solutions. Gates are divided into sliding and swing forms. Opening them requires or considerable effort, or a very powerful motor, especially when choosing a sliding scheme.

The use of conventional sheeting is no worse in practice than the use of wrought metal. Such a material weighs less than usual, it is harder (with the same size and weight), externally attractive. Unlike wrought iron doors, corrugated products can also be lifting, they are resistant to hacking attempts by any means and are relatively inexpensive.

The hinged version implies placing the doors made of corrugated flooring in a double frame, for the manufacture of which a corner of 7.5 x 7.5 cm is used. No matter how hard the attackers try, it is almost impossible to pry a similar door manually, and with the help of passenger cars. The connection of the sash with the frame is achieved by loops. If necessary, you can always slam a wicket door.

Sliding and sliding gates in the garages are not very common, because their practical application is difficult. A mandatory requirement is the free space (1.5 times more than the canvas itself). Finding the necessary space for him in a densely built cooperative is extremely difficult. Yes, even in a private detached garage, closely adjacent to a residential house and having a common wall with it, this often causes difficulties.

Sliding-type metal gates do not have to be assembled on their own or go to workshops, there are many cheap sets on the market that are ready for use. The canvas rolls parallel to the wall on a special carriage, most often on several.To prevent it from “popping out”, special catching parts are used to secure the sash when locked.

Standard delivery includes a frame and console, rollers, catchers, fasteners. Bases are supplied for carriages; porch plates, profile sheets, automatic control systems are usually also included in the package.

Types of lifting gates - sectional and tilt-up. But folding is safer and can be opened in a relatively small space. If four flaps are used, it is possible to overlap the central elements on the side, attach to them with clamps and a general turn of 180 degrees. Then in the middle part there will be more space to move the car.

Swivel-lift option - this is one solid canvas, when opened, it scrolls and disguises itself under the ceiling. Several horizontally oriented sections were used, and their movement along the guides is limited by the limits of the opening. Above the gate, these guides bend to a certain radius and help the profile part of the gate to take a position parallel to the ceiling. The undeniable advantage of this design is considered radical space saving; the pivoting gates are a little beyond the contours of the opening, when they are raised or lowered. It is better not to get close to the doorway at these moments.

The lifting-turning scheme is devoid of guides and rollers, all work is done by levers and hinges. Balancing the rising structure is achieved by springs strung at the edges from it. Since such a canvas is whole, it will be much harder to crack it than a turnable lift.

It is possible not to create any shutters at all, flap gates work fine without them. They do not have a “blind” zone, everything is perfectly visible when entering and leaving, which reduces the risk of breaking the car against the gate. The space available for reversal and trajectory change is also increasing. The downside is increased space requirements for the ceiling - if there is not enough space, use the folding gate will not work.

As for materials, iron (more precisely, steel) angles of 6.5 cm are most often used for the manufacture of frames, pipes are used to produce a profile. The rubber sealant is designed to contain not so much the cold as the wind.

Variants equipped with a wicket door are always preferable: they will allow you to enter and go outside without opening large doors. Swing doors made of wood with a metal sheath should not be chosen, a more modern version is an all-metal construction. But in sectional products the use of expensive wood species, on the contrary, indicates that they belong to the elite category.

Roll-up doors, the width of which does not exceed 3000 mm, can be folded manually, and larger ones necessarily require the use of electric traction and built-in control systems. We do not recommend any rolling doors where there is no additional high-class signaling. or round-the-clock physical security is not organized, as their protective properties do not meet modern requirements.

Lifting and turning devices are more reliable, but their significant drawback is inability to save heat in the garage. If such gates are trimmed with wood or corrugated flooring, processing is necessary, leveling the effects of bad weather and dampness. Always be interested in the warranty period, type of seal and operating period, safety certificates of the finished product.

But no matter what type of gate is chosen, no matter what type of fittings it is equipped with, a project must be prepared. Let this be the simplest freehand drawing, but you will be completely protected from the occurrence of problems afterwards. Eliminate the situation when a lot of wasted efforts turn into failure only because the canvas is not included in the opening, for example.

The width of the garage door is determined in such a way so that at the entrance exactly in the middle of the left and right sides of the car to the frame there should be at least 0.3 m. It is advisable to measure this distance, taking into account not the hull, but the rear-view mirrors and other elements beyond the dimensions. If there is an opportunity to exceed the minimum distance, you should definitely use it, because this will only be a plus for your safety.

In most cases, they are limited to a width of 250 - 300 cm, and the gap from the edge of the frame to the wall running at right angles to it is at least 0.8 m. The height is also determined by the dimensions of the car: cars, with rare exception, freely pass through an opening 200 in height - 220 cm. But the owners of the most powerful SUVs and minibuses should focus on the size of 250 cm.

The easiest for self-assembly are swinging gates, which you can do without help. It is enough to purchase all the necessary set of materials. Collecting overhead doors, even for people with sound engineering background and knowledge in this area, is not an easy task.

Almost always just buy the finished product and assemble it, as the instructions from the manufacturer. And the lifting-sectional type completely excludes independent fulfillment: it will take a lot of money, time and effort, the result is almost always deplorable.

Folding structures, or otherwise - “accordion”, are just a chain of sections delimited by a compactor. Most often, the sections are fixed at the top or on the sides, using at least three blocks. It is possible to connect them at a right angle or at an angle of 180 degrees. It is very important to calculate in advance how many sections you need, because otherwise you have to redo everything.

Welded frames need to be made solid, and therefore the gaps between the corners must be closed with a strip of 5 x 0.6 cm, which is oriented horizontally. Between these bands should be approximately a meter. Replacing steel strips can serve as corners of 5 x 5 cm, but this will require that their horizontal wings penetrate the walls. It will be necessary to form grooves of the appropriate depth, and always in between rows.

Russian conditions make it possible to use efficiently only warm garage doors, because even official standards stipulate that the inside should not be colder than +5 degrees. Otherwise, the preparation of the machine to work every time will take too much time. The main insulating materials are mineral wool, extruded polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam.All the rest do not cope with the specific operating conditions in the garages. Make the design not only energy efficient, but also beautiful help finishing materials - OSB-plate and other options.

The process of preparation of openings necessarily includes the removal of all plating and decorative elements, the complete alignment of any face, checked by the building level. When you put the guides, do not forget after each step of installation again to take the level in your hands and check the basic parameters. Only under this condition it is possible to provide a decent level of insulation, to restrain the penetration of sounds from the outside. Installation of metal rails is carried out on the sides to fix the canvas.

The next stage is the fitting and installation of the box containing the shaft for winding the web. They constantly make sure that the shaft goes horizontally, and that the wires and drive components are brought outside, where they can be connected. The end grippers are brought to the floor and fixed there in a position determined by the design features. But first you need to make sure that The grips coincided with the border of the canvas that was lowered to the limit. Once this is done, the drive can also be mounted.

The strength of homemade doors at a decent level, but, like all others, they require the use of a lock. Most often, one of the valves is closed on constipation from the inside, and these constipations themselves are inserted into the floor and into the roof; 50 mm holes are drilled for such elements, necessarily blind. The second flap will be locked with a lock.

Depending on the idea, the tongue either clings to the fixed web or goes into the hole prepared for it in the thickness of the frame. It is advisable to install a padlock on the outside, the lugs for which are welded to the doors. If you want to lock roller doors or use more sophisticated and reliable protection schemes, be sure to consult with experts.

But no matter how carefully the installation took place, it will not succeed if one approaches the selection of components superficially. The size of the corner for the frame less than 6.5 cm is not too practical. On the sash can be used as the corners of a size of 5 cm, and steel profiles of rectangular configuration (which are additionally sheathed with iron sheets of 0.2-0.3 cm).Be sure to use hinges for external gates of reinforced type. With the help of the scheme it will be easy to calculate how many components you need to work.

Internal clamps should be used in the factory, and even more so in self-made garage doors. The more massive the locking structure, the thicker the reinforcement should be, accordingly the required diameter of the holes is chosen.

It is desirable to equip sectional doors and gates divided into leaves with automatic control means. Often it is carried out through the remote (like the one that gives commands to the TV), but professionals recommend choosing universal control. The fact is that even the most advanced electronics sometimes breaks. And if the whole system is coordinated only by it and there is no possibility to fix the gate manually - in case of failure, it will not be possible to close or open them to the end.

The best doors and locks are not an absolute guarantee that a robber will not enter your garage; if a “professional” or even a whole criminal group is acting, there will almost certainly be an attempt to cut the loops and remove the valves. Protection against this is as follows: on the inside of the frame, just where the hinges are located, a segment of the corner is welded.

The calculation is simple: when the sash is closed, a 10 to 20 mm corner enters the wall (in the slot reserved for it in the brick) and clings to the frame. Even when criminals cut the loops, the sash will still be held steadily on the frame.

An alternative is to use a spider lock. Pins of such constipation are introduced not only into the walls, but also into the floor and even into the ceiling. At the same time, it is recommended to put a stopper that does not allow opening the “spider” other than with the original key. It is not recommended to use more complex methods or combine them.so reliability is not always up to the mark, and excessive forethought often leaves no choice if the key is lost, except for the destruction of the walls.

The first step in the work is the implementation of the frame. It is recommended to begin to do it when the front wall is erected. Only prepared 0.5 m of masonry (even less), as the construction is suspended, and only after installing the gate can it be resumed. We take the angle grinder and cut a corner into 4 fragments, the length of which will be equal to the width of the opening.

And there should be as many more segments, the length of which is equal to the height of the alignment. You can cut the metal in even portions, or leave a margin of 0.1 m. Subsequently, this reserve will definitely come in handy.

One side of the corner, located inside the opening, is cut out by its size, and those shares that will be outside and inside the wall are left exactly 50 mm in length. However, you can also cut them, so subsequent welding is facilitated.

The obtained segments need to be expanded on a flat surface and check their geometry with a building level. No less carefully measured all angles, which must be straight.Next, you need to weld the corners and get a frame, and there are two techniques: in one edge of the corner it advances on another corner and is attached, in the second edge it is cut off. The cut allows you to place both elements in the same plane, but this leads to loss of strength.

If the welded corner “leads”, an improvised gate can still be done properly - you just need to weld the lever out of the trimmings in the required position and adjust the geometry. Do not forget that from the outside of the frame must be ground out the smallest welding defects.otherwise the sash will not fit tight enough. The frame in which the doors are placed should be made slightly smaller than the frame of the gate, the goal is the same - free and tight pressing of parts of the structure.

Cooking 4 pieces, the length of which should be 1 - 1.5 cm inferior to the height of the door frame; in a double-wing system, 8 such segments are required, the other four are 50% of the frame width minus 3–3.5 cm. It is recommended to lay out these blanks inside the completed gate frame, this will help to detect defects. A prerequisite is to maintain right angles.An increase in the rigidity of the structure is achieved by welding an additional horizontal segment (struts that prevent the distortion of the geometry of the system). The best place for the amplifier will be the middle of the frame.

It is advisable to take on the sash sheets are not less than 0.2 cm in thickness. A pair of canvases is cut out of them, each 30–40 mm above the opening, one is 10–20 mm wider than the frame, and the other one is as large as it. Both at the top and at the bottom of the canvas should be brought out of the frame contour by 10 - 20 mm, on a randomly chosen sash, which will open the second one, the canvas is separated from the edge of 1 cm of free space.

Then cook the center of the sheet, and only then, with a step of 100 to 150 mm, weld the sheet completely; This stage of work is completed by cutting the welds at the corners, thereby reducing the risk of deformation.

Next comes the turn of fittings, and above all they make loops of reinforced design. Their bottom is attached to the frame, and the top is held on the swing-open sash.In order to make the fastening as reliable as possible, sometimes sheet metal 0.5–0.7 cm (in the form of curved strips) is welded over the hinges, and a reinforcing insert is mounted inside the loop itself. Place the structure on a flat surface and place the sash inside the frame; then consider if there are any mistakes, links of the parts for each other while moving. If everything is done correctly and no errors were found, you can mount the gate.

Tarpaulin (curtain) hang in the last turn, after installation. But it is advisable to try it on the ground in order to identify possible deviations and immediately make corrections. Otherwise, the alteration will be more difficult and long, the material costs will increase.

Mounting the gate, return to work with the wall, and bricks should occupy the entire gap from the outer to the inner frame. Throughout the entire length of the masonry, the frame must be firmly walled into it, because the entire height is welded by the bars of the reinforcement not less than 0.2 - 0.3 m long, the other end of them is wound into the seam of the brick wall. Once reached the top of the frame, set the overlapping beam. Depending on the bearing capacity of the lower structures and the foundation of the garage, it can be made of metal or of concrete.The final stage is to check the operation of the gate: everything should open and lock perfectlyif necessary, the clinging metal parts are additionally adjusted.

Rolettes can be used only in a special type of gate, so called - roller shutter. In conventional constructions with flaps, they are not needed at all. If the garage has a non-standard configuration or the opening is different from the usual form, you will need to order the design individually. Most often they try to transform the doorway, pushing it under the roller gates. This method turns out to be cheaper and faster and more economical than drawing up a special project.

Regardless of your metalworking skills, engineering skills and diligence, careful study of specialized literature, factory products will still be more perfect than homemade gates. It’s impossible to get ahead of the development of entire companies over many decades. But even among manufacturers it is worth choosing with extreme caution, trusting only brands with an impeccable reputation. The risk is too great to save on this.

Germany is represented in the Russian market primarily by the corporation. Hormann. She sells products officially, directly on her behalf; Any consumer can contact the registered office and get a quality product.

Fans of Belarusian products are recommended to pay attention to the brand. Alutech (“Trend” and “Classic” series). All its products are equipped with drives of German or Italian production, and they are willingly purchased by residents of several countries, even European ones.

Russian concern Doorhan acquires components in the PRC and in Italy, he values ​​his name and cooperates only with flawless suppliers who can make high-quality parts.

Products Herermann highly valued by consumers for the ability to self-install and ease of use.

Garage doors can cost a minimum of exterior trim. A simple geometry design, smooth metal, solid gray color - nothing superfluous, everything is strictly functional.And it is not at all faded, because this solution is perfectly combined with brick walls of any thickness.

And here they decided to make a combination of like-minded flowers outside: a pink brick diluted with a thick red square of moderate saturation. Glossy surface looks very attractive and causes only positive emotions.

In this example, the texture of the surface, its evenness and neat horizontal stripes of gray color attract attention. But this is not the limit of the art of decoration - take a look at the gate covered with rectangles. Their designers, no doubt, preferred to choose the effect of the greatest naturalness. The refined yellowish shade blends harmoniously with the white racks and coincides completely with the color of the walls and roof.

The contrast of black and white paint tried to demonstrate the authors of this project. And they completely succeeded in realizing their idea - stylistic unity is emphasized by the same type of construction material.

Imitation of a tree can be like this: dark rectangles with a diagonal course of fibers are advantageously shaded by light stripes around the perimeter. Dark fastening elements imperceptibly "flow" into an even darker frame of the building.And on the very edge, pinkish vertical elements are slightly visible.

It is not necessary to make just such a gate at home. The most important thing - They are able to look very nice and original.

To learn how to make a sectional garage door with your own hands, see the following video.