What is the difference between greenhouses and greenhouses?

Each summer resident dreams not only to increase the yield of plants, but also to grow particularly thermophilic varieties. Then you need to decide what is more profitable and efficient to use, a greenhouse or greenhouse, and what a significant difference between them.

Speaking simply, greenhouses are a simplified version of the greenhouse. The height of the first structures covered with glass or film is only about half a meter. In the greenhouses, warm air inside is formed not only from the sun, but also from the smoldering of manure and other organic fertilizers, since the seedlings are planted with their use.

The first greenhouses were organized by the type of greenhouses and were intended solely for the cultivation of rare species of exotic plants. It is known that glass greenhouses existed in France in the 16th century. In modern greenhouses, not only ordinary polyethylene film, but also such innovative materials as cellular polycarbonate are increasingly used for coating. Therefore, modern designs have become lighter, but they are no less durable.

The main similarity of greenhouses and greenhouses consists in the principle of the design, when it is necessary to protect crops from negative external influences and to provide them with the optimum temperature regime. In this case, by the method of growing greenhouses can be a hydroponic system (suitable for lettuce, green onions, parsley, dill) or soil systems, which are used for cabbage and tomato.

There are major differences and nuances of greenhouses and greenhouses.

• The greenhouse is a compact design, and the optimum height of the greenhouse is 2–2.5 meters.
• The simplified construction of the greenhouse allows you to plan the beds exclusively on the ground.While in the greenhouse you can show imagination and use various elements to use such techniques as beds on racks or hydroponics.
• A greenhouse will last only one season, and next year will have to build this temporary structure again. The greenhouse is more monumental and durable, it is necessary only from time to time to correct the shortcomings of its structure, for example, to change the cover.
• In greenhouses, plant heating occurs exclusively due to the sun, as well as the use of humus and manure, and in improved greenhouses such options as artificial heating and a system that controls soil moisture and air, a complicated ventilation and air conditioning system, and many other nuances that can help get the maximum yield.

• There are no doors in the greenhouse. To make manipulations with plants, it is enough to open its upper or side part. In the greenhouse there are doors and windows (vents) for the possibility of additional ventilation.
• Greenhouses can be transported or moved around the site, as they are portable, and the greenhouse is a fixed structure.
• As a rule, greenhouses are used for seedlings in the spring and for temporary shelter of some crops during frosts, and in the greenhouse you can cultivate plants all year round thanks to the possibility of heating the room.
• In the design of the greenhouse can be at any time of the year and in any weather. Working with a greenhouse, you will need to be on the street, which means that it is unlikely to work in the rain.
• In the greenhouse, you can grow only seedlings or unpretentious plants, such as onions, lettuce or radishes. And in the greenhouse you can provide the necessary microclimate for almost any, even a very thermophilic plant.

For the construction of such a stable and strong construction as a greenhouse, steel, aluminum, glass, cellular (cellular) polycarbonate, and polyethylene film are used. At the same time for a large greenhouse may need a strong foundation. As the frame of the greenhouse is usually used aluminum or galvanized profile.and if there is a desire to build a wooden base, then it must be treated with special antiseptics against the effects of external factors.

When choosing a greenhouse cover, it is necessary to understand that the film is a popular, but unfortunately, very short-lived option from the “cheap and angry” series. And the insulation in such a greenhouse leaves much to be desired. If finances allow, it is better to stop the choice on the glass, which perfectly transmits light and does not give off heat. At the same time glass is suitable only for single-slope and dual-slope types of greenhouses.

The most reliable coating material is cellular polycarbonate. It is multi-layered, durable, perfectly retains heat and at the same time transmits quite a lot of light. Thanks to the air in the space between the "honeycomb" heat is trapped inside. It is often used by summer residents due to its affordable cost and good frost resistance (it can withstand frost down to -50 degrees Celsius). In addition, it is easy to handle and bends well, and is also durable (the warranty period for using such material is 20 years). This is a great option for those who live in the northern regions. For classic types of greenhouses, 4 or 6 mm thick polycarbonate should be chosen.

Polyethylene films have many differences:

1. For a snowy winter, you should choose a reinforced film.
2. The highest light transmission capacity of a conventional film, but it is fragile, therefore, suitable for designs "for one season."
3. Stabilized film with antifog is ideal for seedlings, and no condensation forms under it.
4. The light-scattering film reflects intense ultraviolet and infrared rays, thereby protecting the plants from the effects of an excessively bright sun.

The strongest of the films is copolymer, since it can withstand any gusts of wind and is frost-resistant, as it does not crack even to -80 ° C, so it is chosen for a harsh climate. Foam film retains heat well, but has a low light transmission ability. This option is suitable for the southern regions, where many sunny days a year.

Semi-automated greenhouses are equipped with a drip irrigation system and automated moisture maintenance. And in non-automated constructions everything is done in the old manner, but with soul. But physical strength will have to spend a lot. Among the additional features there is also air conditioning,adjust the temperature and ventilation. In this case, the role of a “controller” can be performed by a computer in which all modes are programmed. And for additional heating is to purchase electric, water or steam heaters.

You can build a greenhouse quickly. For this you do not need special construction skills. You will need an arcuate frame with a removable roof. To cover a greenhouse, it is enough for an ordinary plastic film, because it is a “one season” construction. Glass and polycarbonate are used less frequently due to their higher cost.

There are many varieties of greenhouse and greenhouse designs. It is worth paying attention to the most popular options from Russian manufacturers. The dimensions of all greenhouses are usually small, their height does not exceed 1.5 meters. The main types of greenhouse designs are covering and “butterfly”. The advantage of the first option is mobility, and the peculiarity of the second is the possibility of installation from window frames.

Greenhouse is quite capable of making each of the scrap materials available in the country. And you can cover it as usual with a plastic film, and with glass from old frames.In the greenhouses there are no doors and heating, as in greenhouses. Here, heating is carried out exclusively due to sunlight, as well as organic fertilizers such as manure or compost.

Its advantage is a convenient size (width is 1.15 m, height - 1.15 m, length - from 4.2 to 5.6 m) and affordable price from 1,400 to 1,700 rubles (as of 2018). Modern technologies for the production of such greenhouses can significantly improve their durability, practicality, durability and functionality.

The model "Excellent" is a frame made of plastic arcs with sewn roofing material and straps stretched to the arcs, which help not to sag the coating. Another convenient detail is the doors with zippers at both ends, so that from time to time it is possible to ventilate the seedlings. In this case, the “door” is enough to throw on the arc - and no difficulties, unlike conventional designs, when you have to lift all the material.

As the covering material of the model "Excellence" is used Reifenhauser SSS 60, whose strength and durability at height.And if bad weather happens with a lot of precipitation or strong gusts of wind, you can be sure that such a greenhouse will pass this test with dignity. And all thanks to the channels of the "sleeve" in the arcs of the frame. They do not wear out for a long time, since they are made of durable material, which increases the service life of such a structure.

If we talk about greenhouses, they provide even more opportunities for choosing structures that can be stationary or collapsible. In this case, as a rule, the customer determines which form or configuration will be the greenhouse.

Forms in greenhouses may be as follows:

• single and dual;
• arched;
• with vertical or sloping walls;
• polygonal;
• dome

The most popular type is arched shape, since the snow layer cannot harm such a coating. Such greenhouses are resistant to winds, and installation is as simple as possible,you can always extend them in length.

Another traditional and universal form of the greenhouse in the form of a "house" is gable. In this case, the walls can be either at a right angle to the ground, or under a blunt one.

The advantages of the "house" design are many, like:

• ease of installation;
• the ability to use for the frame "material at hand", which is available at each cottage, for example, wooden bars;
• the ability to use roofing material of any type;
• you can choose the angle of the slopes and the height of the skate;
• no snow protection is necessary, since precipitation naturally descends from the roof.

A very original form is domeresembling a hemisphere where many segments of different geometric shapes are used, which ensures uniform distribution of the load on the frame and, accordingly, its maximum strength. That is why even heavy weight glass is suitable for plating.Neither wind, nor numerous precipitations are terrible for these structures. Due to the high stability of the structure, they are suggested to be used for seismic zones.

Single slope Greenhouses, in fact, are pristroyochnye, because they can be placed next to any building, for example, a storage room or a summer kitchen. Unfortunately, only one-sided illumination is available here. Therefore, this type of greenhouse is suitable for shade-loving plants.

Frameworks for greenhouses are most often made of steel or aluminum. When choosing a material for the frame, please note whether there is a protective coating on the steel frames. It prolongs the life of the cottage construction and protects it from rust. In some greenhouses, the frame is additionally coated with powder paints. In addition, the construction of the steel of the cost will cost almost two times cheaper than aluminum.

For an aluminum base, an important rule is that the material be anodized - this means that a special moisture-resistant film must be on the metal surface. The only minus of the lightweight aluminum frame is the inability to use heavy types of coating,and the likelihood that snow, wind, and other precipitations in winter can deform aluminum struts.

Considering the similarities, features, as well as the difference in the different designs, the choice can be made only after assessing the personal requirements for the harvest and, of course, the financial possibilities. Not least in the choice of design for the cultivation of vegetables and flowers are weather conditions of a particular area.

To determine the need for a greenhouse that is expensive and complex in design or a simple greenhouse for one season, it is important to know what exactly it will be built for:

• A mobile greenhouse or an easy-to-use butterfly construction made of window frames are suitable for planting or sheltering shoots from the weather.
• If you want to get a rich harvest of such thermophilic crops as peppers or tomatoes, you need to rely on a stationary greenhouse with a reliable frame and concrete foundation. It must be equipped with a heating system and other additional functions.

Expert advice will help give the greenhouse durability and excellent wear resistance, therefore The following valuable recommendations should be followed:

• To prevent condensation from forming inside the greenhouse, reliably seal the seams of the structure;
• if the plans create a structure with a height of more than 2 meters, then it is necessary to provide it with additional support using reinforcing beams;
• The most important criterion in the construction of its own greenhouse is to make it as convenient and functional as possible in order to minimize labor costs. To this end, it is recommended to use “smart” irrigation, ventilation and heating systems;

• the type of frame and the construction of the greenhouse must be chosen based on the climatic features of the area (more durable and resistant steel options are suitable for snow regions, and light aluminum structures - where there is little snow);
• if the greenhouse is needed only in the warm season, then it makes sense to make its structure collapsible;
• if the homemade frame is made of wooden bars, then they need to be covered with a special moisture and bioprotective solution;
• if the greenhouse is small, then the foundation will not be needed - you can install the structure on the ground.

The price depends not only on the quality of materials, but also on the type of coating and frame, as well as additional features such as the presence of windows and doors for airing. Polycarbonate greenhouses are considered to be of the highest quality, and the most practical and short-lived greenhouses are coated with polyethylene. A cheap option is small greenhouses with a steel frame and polyethylene coating. The most expensive are glass greenhouses, but they are far from the most practical. And affordable and reliable and durable can be called options of steel and polycarbonate.

Which frame for the greenhouse to choose, described in the video.