Subtleties of the process of insulating the ceiling

With poor thermal insulation of a private house, first of all, the budget and the health of the family suffer. It also happens that home insulation works are carried out independently and unprofessionally. In this case, the owner of the property often loses money doubly. Materials are wasted and do not perform their functions properly.

To warm the ceiling today can be very high quality, cheap and different materials. The main requirement for them is environmental friendliness and good heat transfer rates. Insulation should allow the house to "breathe" and protect it from the loss of precious heat in the harsh Russian winters. However, the philistine, as practice shows, focuses more on the pricing policy of producers.

If you look into the issue in detail, you can insulate your own ceiling in an apartment without buying special equipment, which is quite expensive. The main thing is to know how to do it right. The main tools for this in the private house, the owner will always be there.

There are also plenty of options for insulating the ceiling on the top floor of an apartment building. All work on the insulation of the ceiling is carried out in the attic, so no garbage in the rooms can not be. It is very convenient and does not distract from work.

One of the options for insulation is a technology that uses extruded polystyrene foam, izospan or foam. This option is very popular. Styrofoam reduces the cost of the budget. The use of extruded materials guarantees long life and good insulation. It is easy to work with polyfoam, it is light and convenient. Most often, the house is also insulated with penoplex, penofol or polystyrene foam.

Materials you need to purchase:

• Styrofoam;
• asphalt or vapor barrier membrane;
• polyurethane foam.

Now about foam plastic. It is best to insulate the ceiling suitable foam sheets with a thickness of 100 mm. As for the density, 15 kg per cubic meter is enough.If there is such an opportunity, then such a foam can even be laid in two layers. But it should be remembered that in this case each docking seam should not coincide (the brick laying principle is used) to prevent cold air from entering. All gaps and joints are also “sewn up” with foam plastic.

Special sealing foam is used for sealing gaps. For its installation it is recommended not to save money, better to buy a professional gun. It will allow to place the foam even in the narrowest slots, besides, it is much more convenient to use it. As for the vapor barrier, many roofers do not insist on its use. Wood does not need additional insulation. But even if you are going to save it, use membrane materials. In this case, the film is strictly prohibited to protect the wood from rotting and spreading of the fungus. It is very difficult to fight with him.

The sequence of works on weatherization of the ceiling can be derived in the following algorithm:

1. we lay foam;
2. prepare the surface;
3. we stack the heat-insulating material;
4. place the vapor barrier;
5. we lay foam;
6. fill all joints with foam.

The entire technological workflow proceeds according to the following principle:

• The entire work surface should be cleaned of all kinds of debris and unnecessary items. The interglobe space should not be wet. It must first be dried well (you can use powerful fan heaters).
• After cleaning, you should prepare sheets of foam. Cut them so that their size is about 10 mm larger than the size of the element in which they will be mounted. Thus, the foam will fit snugly to all structures. For trimming experts advise buying a special hacksaw. It will allow you to cut it faster and better.
• The next stage is the installation of the vapor barrier. It should be mounted with an overlap on a vertical surface. The vapor barrier is fixed by using a construction stapler.

• Measure the frame of the structure precisely (it is better to double-check than to spoil the expensive material). The foam must be laid very tightly. In that case, if you decide to lay it in two layers, then the top sheet of foam should be put with an offset (approximately half a sheet) so that there are no gaps.During installation, it should be remembered that the foam - the material is quite fragile and it can be accidentally broken. At this stage, do not rush and be extremely careful not to buy additional material.
• After all the structures are filled with foam, proceed to the "blowing" of the joints and crevices with foam. When it hardens, the protruding mass can be cut off with a clerical knife. In order not to do extra work, fill the slots carefully so that the foam does not protrude. If the attic will be further used as an attic, the additional protection of the foam is not needed. He simply does not need it and will perfectly perform the insulating function.

Granulated polystyrene very similar to the above foam. Only it is made not in the form of sheets, but as small balls. But granulated polystyrene is very rarely used for thermal insulation of the ceiling, although it is very easy to use. The balls do not burn, quickly and well fill the entire structure, perfectly perform the function of heat insulation.

The first thing you need to do when insulating the ceiling with polystyrene, is a rough preparation, cleaning the areas of various debris.Then polystyrene is poured into all structures and distributed evenly. He is not ramming. Experts recommend to fill it with a layer up to 20 cm. The material does not weigh down the structure, as it is very light.

Poured polystyrene is closed with a vapor-permeable membrane. You can use any other material that is able to pass air.

This technology is quite effective and gives a fairly high rate of insulation in a private house. Another argument in favor of granular polystyrene is its price. You can buy it at a price of 5500 rubles per cubic meter. It is easy to calculate that if you warm the ceiling with a layer of about 20 centimeters, then 1 cubic meter of polystyrene will cover 5 squares of the ceiling.

Another option for ceiling insulation penoizol. This is the newest material. It is produced in liquid form. Filling the structure, you can fill all the cracks and voids. The service life of the material - up to 30 years. The only negative - you need special equipment, special knowledge and skills for its installation. If you choose this material, you need to attract specialists and pay for their work.

But experts will do everything for you, your function is only to control their work. You only need to do the preparatory work - to clean the insulated area from the various debris, to remove interfering objects, things.

The next step is the preparation and installation of the vapor barrier membrane itself. It protects wooden structures from moisture, which will be released in the process of filling the ceiling with penoizol. The membrane will create a barrier and release all evaporation to the outside.

Now experts can get to work. They will apply penoizol necessary layer over the entire area. This work is done pretty quickly. As for the drying of the material, then this requires a certain time.

It is not necessary to cover (isolate) the surface warmed with penoizol. If even penoizol "acts" above in some places, then this, if necessary, can be solved with the help of a regular construction knife.

Now you need to deal with the cost of the material itself. One cubic meter of penoizol will cost you 1700-1800 rubles. This is a fairly reasonable price. As a result, you get a minimal headache and excellent results.

Another option - ceiling insulation mineral wool. It can be noted that this is the most popular technology of insulation not only of the ceiling, but also of the walls and the floor. The work can be divided into several stages.

As well as in all previous versions of thermal insulation works, the area is cleaned, all debris is cleaned. Then a material is laid that allows steam and water to pass through. The barrier is mounted using a stapler. In order for everything to be performed reliably, it is necessary to make overlaps up to 15 cm. To strengthen them, use scotch tape.

When the vapor barrier is made, you can begin to fill the interbalance space with mineral wool. It is delivered both in rolls and in small sheets. The material is comfortable and light. If you bought mineral wool in rolls, then it can be easily cut into the pieces you need, put between the beams. Fill the inter-gully space so that there are no gaps. Materials should fit snugly together. In order for mineral wool to fulfill its purpose well, it is necessary that it be laid with a thickness of at least 10 cm. Only under this condition can it properly fulfill its purpose.

When installing hard plates should pay attention to the fact that the crate should be solid. It is very important to waterproof the entire surface. Only after that the plates are laid. Also remember that hard mineral wool will protect your hearth from heat loss much better.

When working with mineral wool, care must be taken to protect yourself. Get respirator and gloves in advance. After all the insulation work, mineral wool will not pose a danger to you and your family members. But in the process of laying, when the material needs to be cut and picked up by hand, small particles of cotton wool will get into the lungs and irritate the mucous membrane, and if it gets on the skin of the hands, it will cause itching and redness.

The entire heat-insulated surface must be covered with a special windproof membrane. It will also cover moisture from the outside, ensuring the removal of excess moisture from the inside. Installation is standard - using a special stapler.All joints are securely fastened with a special tape.

Then cotton wool fills the space between the slings. The best option for the thickness of the material - up to 20 centimeters. Vata must be laid tightly, to avoid cracks. Due to the fact that the attic is protected only by the roof, it must be very well insulated. Do not save on the thickness of mineral wool. To keep the sheets of mineral wool firmly held, they need to be well secured. For this procedure, you can use one of several methods.

In the first case, you need to fill the slats over the insulating layer. In the other - to pull the string on the surface. It will be great to keep mineral wool, it will not go anywhere.

Then comes the vapor barrier. The choice of this material is yours. After it is attached, you can start finishing. Sheets of plywood are used, it is good to use drywall for the attic or wall paneling.

The next technology for insulating the ceiling of a private house is thermal insulation. sawdust. Very often, such material is used in country houses.

What you need to insulate the ceiling of a country house:

• Sawdust from any species of wood. It is important that they are dry and not rotten. Such material can be found on the sawmill. You will be happy to sell them for pennies.
• Be sure to need lime. It is used to protect the material from mold and various pests. It is added in the ratio of 1: 10. Buy finely divided lime (lime-fluff).

• In order to make the composition strong, many experts recommend adding cement (one part of cement and 10 parts of sawdust).
• Copper sulphate is recommended as an antiseptic.

The algorithm works approximately as follows:

• Take a convenient mixing container that you have on your summer cottage. It mixes 10 parts of sawdust, part of cement and lime. It is necessary to mix everything so that the mass is homogeneous.
• After this procedure, add water. Water should be already with copper sulphate. It should be poured carefully, the entire insulating mass should not be damp or wet, but only slightly damp.
• Then it is necessary to proceed to the next stage - the preparation of the ceiling.The entire surface of the ceiling should be covered with a layer of glassine. Place this material overlapping, so that the next one goes to the previous one by 15 cm. Glassine will perform a waterproofing function and will not allow moisture to penetrate wooden structures. For bonding asphalt used already mentioned stapler.

• Next, the prepared mass of insulation should be evenly distributed over the entire area. The thickness of the insulation layer is recommended from 10 cm. The material does not require tamping.
• To lay a layer of sawdust completely dry, you need a certain time. As a rule (it all depends on the weather), it takes up to two weeks to dry. But you can speed up the process with available means. During the drying period of sawdust, make sure that the attic is well ventilated. Walking on such insulation is impossible. If you plan to use the attic for domestic purposes, you will have to spend money on the board or plywood, which will protect the insulating material.

Another available material for insulation - a mixture of clay and sawdust. This mass perfectly protects the house from the loss of precious heat.Another bonus is the absolute environmental friendliness of this option.

To work on the insulation you will need:

1. clay itself, which you can mine yourself with a shovel;
2. sawdust (use the services of a sawmill);
3. some cement. Buy it at a cost of 1:10.

Prepare sawdust-clay mass can be as follows:

If there is a concrete mixer, then it is necessary to pour a few buckets of clay into it, gradually add water, so that the output will be a liquid mass. Then sawdust is added. It is necessary to fill up until the solution becomes relatively dense. Ensure that the mass is not very wet. This is an important point. When these conditions are met, you can add cement. He thoroughly dry the composition.

The following material suitable for roof insulation - expanded clay. It has quite good thermal insulation performance, is quite light and does not weigh down the insulated surface. It is easy to attach. It is also a refractory material.In order for the use of expanded clay for thermal insulation to be effective, you need to make a layer of about 20 cm. Otherwise, there will be large heat losses. Roof beams should also be the same height.

Expanded clay is very widely used for thermal insulation. The technology of warming them private home is quite simple. The surface under the backfill is cleared of foreign debris, a vapor-permeable membrane is mounted. Material is covered over the entire surface, covering the beams. To strengthen it will need a stapler. Such work will perform any host with a minimum set of tools.

Ecowool - Another common method of insulating the ceiling of a private house. Began to use it not so long ago. This is a relatively new material for thermal insulation. The ecowool includes cellulose. Fire retardants and antiseptics have been added to it. They are needed to ensure that the material is flammable and safe. Due to the fact that ecowool has a capillary structure, moisture evaporates perfectly from its surface. Antiseptic additives prevent mold and fungi.

It is not recommended to work independently with eco-wool. This is her only significant disadvantage.Its layer must be laid by specialists using special equipment. Without such equipment, it will poorly perform its functions.

Algorithm of work:

No special surface preparation is needed. Pulp is "friendly" with wood. It is necessary to clean the surface of debris, to save the room from unnecessary items.

Ceiling insulation works can be carried out in both dry and wet ways. For the dry method, the material under pressure is applied to the heat-insulated surface. With the wet method, wet mass is supplied. After it dries, the material hitch is very high quality. The wet method is often used due to the fact that it increases the noise insulation rate.

According to reviews of the owners of private households who carried out insulation work from various materials inside the buildings, the insulation of the ceiling and roof is an important step in the insulation of the room, without which it is impossible to achieve the comfort of living. Most praise the expanded polystyrene and mineral wool, noting their undoubted advantages. These materials are easy to use, do not require special skills and expensive equipment for insulation. All work can be done with your own hands and improvised tools.

If the insulation of the ceiling is carried out in the country, then most of the owners of such buildings perfectly warm the homes with sawdust and clay. The result of such works as rules, very happy owners. But when working with these materials should be very careful about fire safety, since the heat insulators of this type are easily ignited.

The main thing to realize that the insulation of the ceiling - a very responsible matter. Through the roof you can lose about 25% of the heat. Therefore, it is very important to do everything qualitatively and correctly, and the costs of materials and tools, if they were bought, will quickly pay for themselves, especially if low-cost and common insulation technologies are used.

In any case, video lessons, advice and recommendations of roofing specialists will always help the owner of a private house. There would be a desire. When warming a house, it is necessary to carefully calculate the thickness of the material and take into account the climatic features of the region,in which the building is located. Many materials can also be used to insulate the walls of the loggia in winter. You will need a mounting scheme and a little effort on your part. Many professionals in the reconstruction of balconies and loggias necessarily recommend to warm the loggia from below, under the floor covering. This allows you to make a comfortable stay on it until the cold. Of course, provided that it is glazed.

To learn how to properly warm the ceiling of a mineral house in a private house, see below.