Water based paints for wood: types and characteristics

When performing finishing work on wooden surfaces, water-based paint is the best paintwork material. For exterior and interior repairs are intended several types of water-soluble dyes. Their difference from nitrokrasok, alkyd and oil coloring compositions is that these water-based paints do not contain toxic volatile compounds hazardous to human health. Apart from the fact that water-based enamels are odorless paints, they, unlike the above-mentioned analogs, do not contain flammable compounds and therefore are fireproof dyes.

Along with dye pigment, the binder component is dissolved in ordinary water in such paints; therefore, all these dyes belong to the water-dispersion group, while other types are basically chemical solvents. Paint on wood is called water-based, if the binder component in it is liquid.

In the manufacture of paints, water-dispersion group used latex. They can be both polymeric artificial resins, and natural rubber. The formation of a resistant film on a painted wooden surface occurs due to the bonding of latex molecules to each other in the process of water evaporation when the painted coating dries.

Their difference lies in the performance characteristics of these dyes. Some of them due to poor moisture resistance can be used exclusively for interior woodwork, while others are also suitable for outdoor, outside the walls of the room, decoration.

Acrylic coloring compositions differ in the optimal ratio of price and quality.They consist of pigments, polyacrylates and fillers. The latter serve to create a smooth painted surface, and protect the tree from mold fungi and other microorganisms. The composition of acrylic paints also includes defoamers, flame retardants and other auxiliary additives.

The advantage of this type of dyes lies in their versatility and low cost compared to other water-dispersion paints and varnishes. Acrylic paints on wood dry very quickly (so that several layers can be applied per day) and are very durable.

Such paint color can be black, white, in addition, it is possible to add to it any other colors. Acrylic coating lies on the surface with a thin layer and allows you to save the texture of wood. However, along with the manifestation of the texture, all defects of the wooden surface are also revealed, which is an undoubted disadvantage of such a dye.

When choosing an acrylic dye, which for the above reasons is suitable for both exterior and interior repair and finishing works, it should be borne in mind that after drying, its shade changes. Therefore, in order to avoid mistakes, it is necessary to paint a small surface with it and see how it will look after the paint has dried.

Polyacrylates are a type of synthetic latex, but in this case, latex paint refers to a material based on butadiene-styrene. Such water-based formulations are cheaper than acrylic, but they also create a less durable coating.

Butadiene styrene is moisture resistant, resistant to wear and elastic. They can work on uneven surfaces, painted wooden walls or ceilings. It can be washed, and the life of such a coating is quite long.

Coloring materials on pure latex are less common. Usually, in order to reduce the cost of the product and preserve its quality characteristics, different types of artificial rubber are mixed in the same composition. An example would be acrylic latex paint.In its composition, styrene butadiene is combined with acrylates, so it can also be used for outdoor use.

These are based on polyorganosiloxanes or silicones. Polymers of this class are most resistant to moisture. They are able to create a layer of hydrophobic self-cleaning film on the painted wooden surface. Therefore, these dyes are used for facades.

These dyes are elastic and effectively protect the tree from mold fungi and other microorganisms, they are vapor-permeable and antistatic. The surface coated with silicone paint is resistant to temperature changes and is not deformed at extreme temperatures. The service life of silicone dyes reaches 25 years, during which these paints, distinguished by their versatility of use, retain their original brightness and color saturation. Like acrylic, silicone paints are available in white, but they can also be painted using any color on the RAL palette.

Silicone in its pure form is a very expensive material, so in mass production are conventional acrylic dyes with a small amount of polyorganosiloxanes added to them.This can significantly improve the performance of standard water-dispersion paint with a slight increase in its cost.

This type of water-based coloring formulations is one of the best materials for interior woodworking. The properties of polyvinyl acetate dye compositions depend on the plasticizers added to them, and their common characteristics are fire safety and chemical resistance, elasticity and wear resistance. These paints withstand ultraviolet radiation and form good adhesion with a wooden surface.

However, the list of disadvantages of this type of dyes is also very wide:

• The main one is low moisture resistance. If other water-dispersion dye compositions can be dissolved in water only until they dry, then polyvinyl acetate dyes can easily be washed off with water even after several years of painting the surface with them.
• They are also afraid of low temperatures, so this type of dyes for outdoor work is completely unsuitable.

In addition to the above materials, the production of water-dispersion coloring compositions can occur on the basis of isoprene, urethane and other synthetic types of rubber and various combinations of these polymers. On the properties of paintwork materials, this circumstance is reflected slightly. All of them proved to be excellent when working on wood: they protect it from rotting, easily give it the desired color and do not poison the air with harmful fumes. For this reason, these dyes are the perfect finishing material.

In addition to paint, there is another coloring water-soluble material for wooden surfaces - wood stain. It can not protect the tree from damage, but gives it a beautiful shade while maintaining its texture. Therefore, wood stain is among the finishing materials. The surface painted by stain is additionally opened with varnish.

On the peculiarities of water-based paints, which contain wax, see below.