Solar batteries to the cottage: 10 kW options

It is difficult for modern man to imagine at least a day spent without electricity. We constantly charge phones and laptops, use a kettle, a microwave and so on. Every day, the price of electricity is growing, and resources are becoming increasingly depleted. It's time to think about alternative energy sources. One of them is a solar panel.

In the Russian Federation, solar cells are not yet widespread. This is connected not only with the habits of the population, but also with the peculiarities of the climate. In many cities of our country there are very few sunny days.Today, there are models of devices that can operate with a minimum level of illumination. However, the cost of such equipment is excessively high, and their use turns out to be irrational. Therefore, solar batteries are often installed residents of the southern regions.

It is also worth noting that such devices are rarely used to fully provide electricity to the whole house. Usually they are installed in the country or in a small room when you need to provide power for household appliances of prime necessity: lamps, refrigerators and the like.

In this regard, the solar panels are divided into 2 types.

• Permanent. Batteries operate continuously, providing energy for the instruments. This is the most convenient option for power plants, but it has a rather high cost. Therefore, permanent solar batteries are used only in a good financial situation, or if there are no alternative options for the supply of electrical energy.

• Temporary. Devices of this type first accumulate energy to a certain level, and only then give it away. They are not so expensive, but will not be able to provide a long flow of electricity.

Despite the fact that in our country the method of converting light energy is not as widespread as in the West and in America, Russians are actively paying attention to this method of producing electricity.

It has a large number of significant advantages:

• is an autonomous and independent source of electricity,

• allows you to significantly reduce the cost of paying bills for the light.

• It is the most environmentally friendly way to create civilized conditions.

However, along with all the advantages of the devices, there are certain disadvantages.

Some of them can be a serious obstacle to the possibility of installing batteries:

• high price;

• dependence on weather, time of day and season.

At the same time, there is always a risk to purchase low-quality goods from unscrupulous suppliers. Or it is wrong to install the structure, and therefore its work will be ineffective.

The composition of the standard solar battery 10 kW includes several structural elements.

• The panels. Their number and variety may differ depending on the purpose for which the devices are intended.

• Batteries. They are used for the accumulation and subsequent use of light energy.

• Inverter. Transforms direct current into alternating current - it is due to it that the electrical networks of the villa are powered.

• Battery charge controller. It is necessary to stabilize the voltage on the inverter. The controller is located between the panels and the battery.

As well as fasteners, wires, connectors and machines.

The functioning of the battery is due to the conversion of light energy into electrical energy. The device consists of 2 or more silicon wafers, which are coated with substances with different types of conductivity. When light strikes a given plate, free electrons are released. They move to free places in another plate, thereby forming an electric current. Then thin copper conductors direct this current to the place of removal or accumulation.

To date, there are 3 main types of silicon solar cells.

Their main difference is the design, which provides for the presence of panels with beveled corners. In this case, the photocells have a standard square shape, painted black and located in one direction. The performance of such devices is quite high - from 15 to 20%. On a cloudy day and in the evening the power will be at a minimum.

In this type of construction, the plates have a dark blue color and a square shape. Sometimes silicon blotches are present in the plates. From the previous type they are distinguished by a more significant size, as well as the possibility of mounting on spacious surfaces. The performance factor is lower, it is only 12-15%. However, it is this type of battery that can show its effectiveness in cloudy weather.

Such devices have blue photocells. They perfectly absorb diffused light, infrared rays. And also can work with frequent cloudy weather.This type of devices is the most budget option. Nevertheless, its efficiency is only 6%.

Each type of solar cell has certain advantages and disadvantages. If you want to find a more perfect and universal model, then consider the combined options. They combine the properties of amphora silicon and microcrystals.

Before choosing a solar battery, you need to examine the information presented above, relate it to the features of your climate and room size.

It is necessary to pay attention to several basic parameters.

• Power. This is the main selection criterion. The greater the power, the wider the scope of use of the equipment.
• The term of autonomous work. If cloudy days are often in your area, then it is better to give preference to a large battery capacity. So you will always have a supply of electricity in case of inclement weather.
• Climatic features. For regions with a long winter period and a large number of cloudy days, using a solar battery will not be beneficial.Unless you are willing to give up electricity for the benefit of the environment.
• Health class Judging by the reviews of customers, class A is the most durable and reliable. Therefore, it is better to choose it.
• Performance. Such a parameter directly depends on the size of the battery, battery volume, brand and date of manufacture of the equipment. Choose a degree of performance according to your needs.
• Manufacturer. Today, the most popular brands are Sanyo, Jinko Solar, Sunpower and others. Go to the choice of the manufacturer with full responsibility, because the quality of the battery depends on it.

But it is also worth taking into account the size of the area for installing the battery and the approximate load with which it should cope.

Modern converters of a sunlight have a simple and clear design. You can install them yourself or use the help of professionals. All installation work is divided into 2 stages: fastening panels and additional elements, the serial connection of components.

First you need to decide on the place and option of placing the plates.They can be mounted in 3 ways.

• On the roof. In this case, you need to create a special support structure of the profiles.

• On the walls. This option of fastening panels is used much less frequently, but it is also effective. To mount the batteries on the walls you will have to build a special frame restraint system.

• On a separate support. This is the best option if the roof of the villa is already old and does not have a large carrying capacity. Then the elements of the equipment are located under the window of the house.

In some cases, solar panels can be installed on balconies. This is possible if they will not be closed by tall trees, neighboring houses or other similar obstacles. For installation of appliances on the balcony, you need to make a reliable metal frame on the outer part of the railing.

Once you have decided on the best place to install the structure, you can proceed to the installation of the equipment. Remember that it is extremely important to maintain a given angle of inclination, aligning it in accordance with a specific geographic latitude. This is necessary to ensure the most efficient operation of solar cells.And also do not forget about the azimuth. If your cottage is in the northern region, then the azimuth will be 180 degrees. It is better to fix the plate on the side surface at almost the right angle. Then you will have easy access to the structure for cleaning it from snow in winter. This means battery efficiency will always be in order.

If you want to save on the work of the solar panel installer and do everything yourself, purchase a complete set of equipment with all the necessary elements at once. This will significantly speed up and facilitate the installation of the battery.

And some more tips from professionals.

• In the case when it is necessary to fix several panels in a row, it is worthwhile to carefully consider their location. Because it is important that no element is in the shadow.
• Before buying batteries, make a detailed calculation, where you consider the monthly expenses for electricity, the area of ​​the dacha, the time you are there, and more. Only on the basis of these data can we determine the rationality of the installation of solar equipment. At the same time, keep in mind that a standard battery with a capacity of 600 W can supply 4 energy-saving light bulbs, a class A refrigerator, a TV and another 1 small power device.
• Carefully choose the brand of solar battery. You should not save on the device, if you are not sure that it will definitely be effective. After all, you risk to spend money and not get any result.

According to buyers, solar panels are great for servicing a small summer cottage. Since the cottage is used only in summer, there is no shortage of sunlight, and the instruments are working properly. In addition, in a seasonal house there is no need to power a large number of household appliances. Enough to provide energy for several light bulbs, stove, refrigerator and TV. Therefore it is possible to use inexpensive batteries of the small size.Perfectly suitable for these purposes cumulative type devices.

Solar panels help at least a little to reduce the burden on the environment. After all, nature gets a lot of damage due to the construction and maintenance of power lines. However, more often than not people decide to install batteries not in order to save nature and rationalize the use of resources, but to save money. Some even argue that the very production of solar cells and their structural elements causes great harm to nature. But so far the harm from such equipment has been revealed far less than good. Therefore, if you have the opportunity to install light converters in the country, be sure to use it.

Useful tips on solar panels - in the next video.