The details of the process of installing solar panels

Alternative sources of energy in recent decades are becoming increasingly popular, especially common solar panels. The advantages of such a source is that it is practically inexhaustible, for at least the next five billion years the sun will give the planet its energy and heat. That is why the manufacturers could not circumvent such a unique natural gift and created solar batteries that efficiently collect and accumulate the energy of our main star.

Nowadays, batteries based on photovoltaic polycrystals have the maximum distribution. Such models are distinguished by an optimal combination of cost and volume of energy released, they are characterized by a rich blue color and the crystalline structure of the main elements.They are very easy to install, because even a master without much experience will be able to cope with their installation in his private house and on the summer cottage. Monocrystalline photovoltaic panels are the second most popular.

Solar cells, which are made using amorphous silicon, have a rather low efficiency. However, their prices are slightly lower than the cost of analogs, so the model is in demand among owners of country houses. At the moment, such products make up 85% of the market. They can not boast of high power and modification of cadmium telluride, their production is based on high-tech film technique: several hundreds of micrometers of the substance are applied with a thin layer on a solid surface. It is noteworthy that with a very low level of product efficiency, its capacity is quite high.

Another option for solar-powered batteries is the CIGS semiconductor based version.Like the previous version, they are produced by film technology, however, their indicator of efficiency is much higher. Separately, it is worthwhile to dwell on the mechanism of operation of solar sources of heat and light. The main thing is to clearly realize that the total amount of energy produced cannot depend on the degree of efficiency of the device itself, since usually all types of such devices give approximately identical power. The main difference is that panels, which have maximum efficiency, require less space for their installation.

Solar panels have the following advantages:

• environmental friendliness of the installation;
• long service life, during which the operational features of the panels remain consistently high;
• technologies rarely break, so they do not need service and maintenance, as well as costly repairs;
• the use of batteries based on solar energy reduces the cost of electricity and gas in the house;
• solar panels are extremely easy to use.

However, there were also some drawbacks, among the most significant ones the following can be identified:

• high scene panels;
• the need to install a variety of additional equipment to efficiently synchronize the energy received from the battery and what is obtained from traditional sources;
• panels cannot be used in contact with devices that require high power.

The energy that is generated by solar panels does not have the technical ability to be directly used to operate any electrical appliances. To isolate the voltage required for operation, they use peculiar inverters located between the panel and the main consumption network.

In this case, you need to know the three main types of connection of solar panels.

• Offline connection This option is most often used in those territorial zones where there is no centralized power supply network.In this case, the design form a rechargeable high-power batteries. The principle of their work is the accumulation of energy within themselves in the daytime. When it is time for low light, the accumulated streams are redirected to the network.

• Backup connection. This method is optimal in places where the centralized power supply is conducted through the AC network. Creating a backup system for energy in this case is used as a backup option, the need for which may arise in case of emergency situations. Power supply interruptions are far from uncommon in the country farms and territories, so many homeowners create additional opportunities for heat and light.
• Consecutive network connection. To connect the system to the grid, this method involves the formation of excess solar energy and its further flow into the network for final sale.

Solar panels are mounted on a special design, the connection with which determines the ability of photocells to withstand any adverse weather conditions, such as strong wind, rain or snow, and also contributes to the formation of the correct angle of inclination.

This design is available in the following versions:

• inclined - such systems are optimal for installation on a sloping roof;
• horizontal - this design is attached to flat roofs;
• freestanding - you can install batteries of this type on roofs of various types and sizes.

Directly the process of installing batteries is carried out according to the following scheme:

• for fastening the frame of the panel, squares of metal 50x50 mm in size are needed, and in addition, squares of 25x25 mm are required, which are used for spacer rails. The presence of these parts allows you to achieve the desired strength and reliable stability of the supporting structure, and also gives the required degree of inclination;
• you need to assemble the frame, for this you will need bolts of size 6 and 8 m;
• the structure is mounted under the roof covering using 12-mm studs;
• small holes are formed in the prepared squares, panels are fixed in them, and screws should be used for stronger adhesion;
• During installation, special attention should be paid to the frame - there should not be any distortions in it.Otherwise, an overvoltage of the system may occur, which will lead to cracking of the glasses.

Installation of solar heat and light sources on the loggia or on the balcony follows a similar pattern. The only exception is that the frame is mounted on an inclined plane. It is mounted between the main bearing wall of the building and the end of the building, always on the sunny side. Self-assembly and installation of all types of solar cells does not require construction experience, however, some installation skills will still be required. If there is a desire, then you can safely do the installation yourself, however, before that it would be nice to read the special literature about the features of installing the burn and learn the master classes that are available on the Internet, and, of course, stock up on the necessary tools.

The advantages of doing it yourself are obvious - this is saving a lot of money on the services of specialists, as well as the tremendous experience that may be needed in the future. At the same time, if personal abilities prove to be insufficient, then it is possible not only to lose time, but also cause damage to the panels or their low effectiveness.

Experts give several recommendations on how to properly lay and connect solar panels.

• Most often, products using alternative energy sources are fixed on the roof or on the walls of the house-building, less often use special reliable supports. In any case, any blackouts should be completely excluded, that is, the batteries should be oriented so that they do not fall under the shadow of tall trees and adjacent buildings.
• The assembly of a set of plates is carried out in rows, their arrangement is parallel, in connection with this it is extremely important to provide that the upstream rows do not cast a shadow on those below. This requirement is very important, since full or partial shading provokes a reduction or even a complete cessation of any energy production, in addition, the effect of the formation of "reverse currents" may occur, which often causes the equipment to break down.

• Competent orientation with respect to sunlight is of fundamental importance for the effectiveness and efficient operation of panels. It is very important that the surface receives all the possible flux of ultraviolet rays. The correct orientation is calculated based on the geographic location of the building. For example, if the installation of panels is made on the north side of the building, then the panels should be oriented to the south.
• No less important is the overall angle of the structure, it is also determined by the geographical orientation of the structure. Experts have calculated that this figure should correspond to the breadth of the house, and since the sun changes its distance from the horizon several times depending on the season, it makes sense to think about adjusting the final angle of the batteries. Usually the correction does not exceed 12 degrees.

• Batteries should be laid in such a way as to provide free access to them, because in the cold winter time it will be necessary to periodically clean them from the attacking snow, and in the warm season - from rain patterns, which significantly reduce the efficiency of battery use.
• To date, there are many Chinese and European models of solar cells on sale, which differ in cost, so everyone can set the model that is optimal for their budget.

In conclusion, you should pay attention to the fact that our planet will receive the greatest benefit from the use of solar panels., because this energy source causes absolutely no harm to the environment. If you, as a consumer, are not indifferent to the future of our Earth, the potential of its land resources and the preservation of natural resources, then solar panels are the best choice.

For information on how to install a solar battery on the roof of the house, see the following video.