Where is used in the construction of wall paneling?

Interior and exterior wood veneer materials at all times remains popular. This is due to the particular surface and aura in the room that wood brings.

Clapboard are thin planed boards used for surface plating. A similar name exists only in Russia, which is connected with the history of the appearance of the material.Initially, the wooden stripes trimmed the cars to protect them from the effects of rain, sun, damage caused by rodents. Unlike iron, wood avoided the greenhouse effect, and it was also cheaper.

Over time, the usual boards acquired spike-grooves, thanks to which installation became simpler and faster, the risk of deformations disappeared. This idea was picked up by the builders, starting to use similar lumber for exterior and interior use.

Once in Europe, do not use the name "lining", but look for profiled boards. They are manufactured according to the DIN 68126/86 standard developed in Europe. This GOST is much more demanding on the quality of the material than domestic standards, and therefore the products of European brands are better both in terms of quality and installation methods. Such boards for finishing are familiar to buyers from Russia as “eurolining”.

So, answering the question about what kind of paneling happens, we can say that the material is divided into paneling and Euro-lining.Moreover, the first customer has a lot of complaints: too much humidity (20-25%), an increased percentage of board deformations, as a result of which small locks often jump out of the groove. Finally, the hairiness of the material and the number of knots are not controlled at all, which affects the aesthetic properties and usability of the material.

Against the background of lining eurodoska has several advantages:

• Reasonableness of the forms (optimal width and thickness of the lamellae, which eliminates problems with a spike, which also differs in larger sizes), the presence of ventilation grooves for the removal of condensate, the choice of texture of the material.
• The absence of lint on the face of the material, as well as in the area of ​​the thorn groove, which provides ease of installation and use, the external attractiveness of the material.
• The moisture coefficient is 10-15%, which eliminates the risk of deformation and the appearance of grinder beetles in wood.
• A more detailed classification of the material, depending on the manufacturing defect, the characteristics of wood.

The description of the material will be incomplete if you do not indicate that it provides good thermal and sound insulation, since an air gap is formed between the clapboard and the surface being trimmed.In addition, the loose docking of the boards gives the walls the opportunity to "breathe", and therefore the room is always a pleasant and useful microclimate. Boards can be mounted horizontally and vertically and must be periodically covered with protective materials. This will ensure a long - up to several decades, their service life.

Molding (that is, products based on sawn timber, subjected to post-processing) has a non-repeating pattern on wood, a light forest scent, a variety of color palette - all this allows you to implement the most unusual design solutions.

The material is based on natural wood (oak, linden, aspen, larch, pine, etc.), which explains its environmental friendliness and the absence of toxic compounds released. Features of natural wood due to the advantages and disadvantages of lining.

The advantages of the material are:

• universality of application - the material is suitable for both external cladding, and for interior design;
• strength and long life;
• the absence of deformations under the influence of moisture and temperature differences (to a greater extent true for eurolining);
• with regular processing, mold does not appear on the surface of the material, it does not darken even in conditions of high humidity (which is why boards are used for finishing baths, saunas);
• favorable indoor climate;
• high thermal insulation properties;
• good sound absorption;
• aesthetically attractive result of the lining, originality, originality and uniqueness of the wood pattern, richness of the color palette;
• ease of installation - having studied the general principles of installation of the material, you can proceed to self-installation, without resorting to hiring professionals;
• ease of care;
• affordability.

The material has a wide scope of use and is suitable for performing such types of work:

• facing saunas, baths;
• interior decoration of residential and business premises;
• facing loggias, balconies, terraces, verandas;
• door decoration;
• design of stairs and transitions;
• exterior wall cladding with the use of insulating materials.

The main disadvantage of the wall paneling is low fire safety. It is possible to level this feature by impregnating the material with fire-fighting compounds.

The division of material into species and varieties is based on the distinction of visual and scope of application. At the same time, different types of lining differ in size and shape, chamfers or their absence, features of fasteners.

There are the following types of profiled boards:

The outer part of the material has an additional chamfer in the area of ​​the spike, and therefore after assembling the material the surface has noticeable seams. There are angular chamfers (lining "collective farmer") or rounded. The latter are called Soft-line.

Panel, devoid of corners, having rounded ends. This avoids the appearance of chips and burrs on the surface to be sheathed, and therefore the material is often used for interior decoration.

There is no chamfer near the spike on the panel, so the finished surface is smoother, with no pronounced seams. The material is suitable for imitation of the wall of timber, can be produced thickened up to 25 mm and is suitable for outdoor work.

It is characterized by high attractiveness, since the front side of the panel has complex patterns. They are obtained by milling or other methods. There are cladding lamellae that mimic wood carving, which is achieved by the hot stamping technique under pressure.

The front side has convex curves, therefore, in the assembly, the material imitates the surfaces of cylindered logs. The design features are due to improved heat and sound insulation characteristics of this type.

Simulates siding panels due to a smooth transition from the spike to the middle part of the outer surface of the lamella and the absence of a chamfer near the spike. Due to the thickness of 20 mm and the width of the board from 140 mm, it is excellent for external cladding.

It provides smooth, almost seamless surfaces, and therefore is actively used for interior decoration, including for the decoration of the ceiling. Based on the dimensions and features of fastening, they distinguish seam (thinner slats, the ability to sheathe any surface) and seamless (thicker panels, characterized by a rich choice of colors) modification.

Its main feature is the absence of the front and back sides, which allows the use of lamellae for the construction of wooden partitions. With external or external cladding, the user can choose a more attractive, defect-free side to position it outside.

Traditionally, lining is associated with wood, but today there is also a plastic option. It is based on polyvinyl chloride. The material is resistant to moisture and other atmospheric influences, long (up to 30 years) service life. However, plastic panels are less durable and, of course, they do not give the effect of naturalness, closeness to nature, and the uniqueness of color that wood models give.

The criterion of aesthetic appeal comes to the fore, and not the strength of the material, we can recommend brushed clapboard. This look has a characteristic relief and texture and is used to create unusual interiors. Brushed Euromaking is made exclusively from softwood.

Another type of aesthetically designed panels can be called the Euro lining with embossed. On the surface of the panel method, we go with the embossing, applied 2 or more patterns. To a greater or lesser extent, they are pressed into the panel, which provides a certain stylistic effect.

There is, finally, lining brick, also used for decorative finishing. The board imitates brickwork and has another name - wall parquet.

Depending on the dryness of the material, various lamella variants are distinguished. Optimally dry eurolining has a moisture content of not more than 12-15%.

Each of the considered types of lining refers to a particular grade. Such a division is based on the condition of the wall panel after it has been cut and dried. At the same time, the presence of cracks and knots on the lamellae, pitch pockets, areas of inconsistencies (poorly treated areas) is estimated.

There are the following varieties of lining:

• Extra. The material of this variety is also called knock-free,since only 1 knot is permissible per 1 meter, without characteristic chips and cracks around and over the entire surface. In the presence of resin pockets, they are opened, the resin is removed, the resulting voids are plastered and rubbed with fine sandpaper. The resulting profiles do not require additional processing and are premium-class decorative materials.
• Class A. Profiles of this class can have up to 2-3 knots per running meter, small chips. The front side of the lamellae may have small cracks (some manufacturers putty them) and areas of unevenness. If the profiles are made of coniferous breeds, salting is allowed (no more than 10% per float). The colors can fluctuate within one tone and differ slightly on every tenth profile. Suitable for laying on the floor, ceiling decoration.

• Class B. One panel can have up to 2 knots, cracks no longer than 3 cm in length on the front and end parts of the board. On the edge surface, the presence of dropped knots, the diameter of which does not exceed 20 mm, is permissible. The panels are often made from the core part and have resin pockets. The presence of areas damaged by insects is allowed, but the percentage of the latter is not more than 5%.There are areas of non-spacing and blue (an indicator of violation of the drying technology), if they do not cause panel instability.
• Class C. All other profiles suitable for decoration fall into this category. It is unacceptable to include in this class only rotten and lost the stability of the board. Otherwise, the following defects are allowed: the presence of knot holes with a diameter of more than 20 mm, through cracks, chips, grinding, the presence of blue and the discrepancy of color.

Classification of lining can be conducted taking into account the type of wood used for the manufacture of profiles. The basis for the panels can be the following tree species:

For the lining of the needles characterized by the presence of a large number of resins and essential oils, which prevents the defeat of the material by insects, increases moisture resistance. After de-tarting, boards are used for exterior finishing, facing of baths, saunas (except for the steam room) and other rooms with high air humidity. Panels of needles for a long time - up to several decades, are exploited.

• Spruce is characterized by an attractive texture without pronounced patterns, lack of roughness, its application will be successful in rooms in a modern style.Since this is a soft type of wood, round-shaped slats are usually made of it. During installation, you should be aware of the high hygroscopicity of spruce boards, which must be treated with protective compounds.

• Even more affordable in terms of prices are profiles of pine. The material also has an attractive texture and is suitable for both exterior and interior decoration. The only thing from the use of pine clapboard should be abandoned in places where there is a risk of damage to the material. The fact is that he is vulnerable to shocks and scratches, because he has a low density. In addition, for a long time during operation, profiles emit resin. In this regard, it is unacceptable to use them in the bath, because leaning against the hot resin on the surface of the walls or shelves, you will be guaranteed a burn.

• If we consider more expensive materials, then it is larch, the high price of which is associated with the best performance properties of the material. Due to the peculiarities of the structure, it has increased thermal insulation abilities and a surprisingly attractive texture, pattern.The peculiarity of larch lining is a noble reddish tint.
• Another good heat insulator, which also has increased strength - cedar. The boards made from it have a palpable pitch aroma that has a beneficial effect on the human central nervous system and also repels mosquitoes.

They have a shorter service life, but they have a higher coefficient of thermal insulation. They are mainly used for the internal facing of baths and saunas, since even at high temperatures they cannot cause a burn.

• Among the materials that differ in price availability - linden. However, it is worth noting the high strength of the wall paneling, resistance to mechanical loads and impacts, and increased moisture resistance. The disadvantage of the material is its tendency to darken after some time of operation.
• Resistance to moisture is different and alder, which, when heated, also produces healing tannins for the body. It is not surprising that it is often chosen for the design of baths and saunas. The advantage of the material is improved sound absorption, good thermal conductivity and authentic recognizable colors.Of the "cons" - a shorter service life.

• Birch is suitable for interior decoration, but only in very dry areas, as it is more susceptible to moisture and rotting than other species.
• Classical considered oak lining, which is primarily distinguished by the unsurpassed strength of the material. It is also suitable for use in wet areas and is also used for outdoor applications. Ash has similar properties.

As a rule, we are talking about mahogany, which is mined mainly in tropical regions. The resulting material is characterized by versatility of application, high strength and moisture resistance, an unusual pattern and a rich color palette. Naturally, the cost of such boards is significantly higher.

Lining is made in many sizes, due to the scope of application, installation features. The length of the material varies in the range of 0.5-10 m (the standard length for a domestic material is 2, 3, 6 m; for eurolining it is also 50 mm), the pitch is 10 cm.

The lamella width is usually 80-200 mm. Wider lining is more susceptible to deformations at “jumps” in temperatures. The narrow band is resistant to temperature changes and mechanical damage.To achieve a certain stylistic picture, lamellae of different widths are often alternated. This does not affect the strength characteristics of the finished surface.

When calculating the required number of lining should take into account not the total, but the useful width of the board. As a rule, it is in the range of 80-88 mm, and in a wide version it can reach 190 mm.

When choosing the width of the strip it is important that it matches the thickness of the material. This is the only way to achieve optimum strength performance. Ideally, the width and thickness of the boards correspond in proportions of 1: 6. For example, ideally a board 150 mm wide should be 6 mm thick.

The thickness of the lamellae for interior work is 12.5 mm, which provides the best combination of strength and weight of the material. For exterior trim it is better to take thicker profiles, the thickness of which is 15-20 mm. Such boards will hold not only their own weight, but also the weight of the insulating material.Although their cost, of course, is higher than thinner analogues.

According to the national standard, the thickness of the wall panel can be 15-25 mm. If we refer to the European DIN standard, then the thickness of the manufactured eurolining can be equal to 13, 16 and 19 mm.

Returning to the height of the profile, it is worth noting that it can be made from a single piece of wood or by splicing. The latter method involves the connection of boards with a height of 150-750 mm in one profile by docking at the micro-bearing and additional sizing of the joint. The connection is durable, because the profile is kept under pressure until the adhesive composition is completely dry.

As a rule, the spliced ​​models are heavier and more expensive, which is connected with the technological features of the splicing, as a result of which the production of boards that are not thinner than 15 mm is impossible.

The weight of the material depends on the type of wood used. For example, a square meter of ash weighs 11 kg, while the same volume of poplar is only 5.7 kg.

The standard number of lamellas is 10 pieces per pack, while in class A material up to 20% of class B boards are allowed.

The form of lining is directly related to its appearance. Most of the material is in the form of a wooden bar (standard paneling). A similar flat, but more perfect surface can be obtained by applying eurolining. The maximum smoothness and impeccability of the bases will be ensured by the installation of the so-called “lining-calm”. These options (can be narrow and wide) in most cases are used in interior decoration.

Round lining, imitating a rounded log, is called a block house and is used for outdoor and indoor work. Stylization under the log surface is achieved due to the semicircular shape of the front part of the lamella. The width of the "logs" is in the range of 90-190 mm and depends on the thickness of the material.

One of the advantages of eurolining is its unique woody shade and unique pattern. The color of the panels is due, primarily, to the type of wood from which they are made. Beautiful natural shade has a linden, but it quickly darkens in the process of use. The standard of beauty is considered to be eurolation of red wood, ash.Lining of pine differs warm golden scale, and the boards of larch - a noble reddish tint.

However, after several years of operation, natural wood begins to darken., its appearance ceases to be attractive. You can fix the situation by bleaching the panels with the help of special tools. However, the procedure will have to be carried out regularly.

In addition to varnishes, you can use impregnations and stains. Both types of materials are used to protect profiles, but the stain makes the surface a little darker.

If color-lining is necessary for a particular interior style, they resort to painting it with decorative compositions. As the latter can be used oil and acrylate paints, acrylic akvalak, decorative glaze.

With the help of color panels you can achieve one or another stylistic effect. So, light beige, sand and white vertical panels visually stretch the space.Bright fragments will accent the room. Do not forget that the colors of floor and ceiling should be combined with each other and a touch of the walls.

Depending on the method of mounting panels, you can change the decor and appearance of the room. The simplest option for positioning profiles is horizontal and vertical. The use of vertical thin strips allows to achieve the effect of a high ceiling.

To make the room more dynamic, focusing on the surface allows laying the lining diagonally. Create original and memorable space allows the alternation of thin and wide panels. When this is achieved 3D drawing - herringbone, bricks, chess, steps. Furniture should be selected to match the shade of lamellae and simple geometric shapes.

No less stylish are the rooms where only the lower third of the wall is finished with clapboard, while the rest is decorated with wallpaper, painted or plastered. The border between different textures is closed by molding. In addition to the aesthetic appeal, this type of design is of practical importance.As a rule, at the bottom of the plaster and wallpaper quickly overwritten, getting untidy appearance. Using lacquered wall paneling solves this problem. A great option for nursery or hallway.

At last, accent use of panels is widely applied. They get off one of the walls or its part, becoming a "chip" of the interior.

A large group of material is painted lining, which allows you to recreate a particular interior. So, the panel painted in dark or black color is used in classical drawing rooms and cabinets, while the pastel analogue is suitable for interiors in Provence style.

If you want to choose a material of really high quality, get the eurolining. When determining the grade, be guided by the material, the classification of which is made according to DIN standard. Note that class C profiles are not suitable for finishing cladding.

Rate the flatness of the slats. The presence of even a small bend is unacceptable. This indicates a violation of storage conditions. Arcs usually have panels stored in plastic wrap. The “correct” Euromask is stored in a package.Do not be afraid to ask the seller to unpack the batch, do not agree to evaluate the material only on the first and last lamellae in the package - they are always of impeccable quality.

Be sure to appreciate the quality of the drying material. The higher it is, the more durable the panel will be. It will not lead in the process of installation and operation. To determine the quality of drying there is a special device - a moisture meter. For lining at natural humidity, the indicator is 20%, for eurolining - 12% at relative humidity.

It is believed that the material from wood growing in the northern regions is of higher quality. This is due to the fact that in a harsh climate the growth of wood is slower, which means that its strength is higher.

Thinner lamellas are used for lining internal surfaces. from tree and coniferous species, in baths and saunas only deciduous options are usually used. This is due to the fact that when the panel is heated, resin is released from the needles. When heated, it can cause burns.For the exterior trim, cedar, larch, and oak with increased thickness are used.

Lining itself is a fragile and short-lived material, exposed to fire, moisture, dust, and pests. To level these disadvantages allows the treatment of the surfaces of the lamellae.

Lining inside the house should be covered with fireproofing. Bio-protection of the material both inside and outside the room will ensure the use of a primer. This antiseptic treatment is especially important for those panels, where there are already signs of defeat in woodworms. Primer does not change the colors and textures of profiles.

It is possible to increase moisture resistance and to keep a natural shade of boards by means of a varnish. Surfaces can be treated without priming, as the varnish already contains antiseptic components. Treatment with varnish gives the surface a semi-gloss luster, which emphasizes the depth and diversity of the color of wood, allows for wet cleaning, and protects it from the effects of temperature changes.

When choosing a varnish for interior work, give preference to water-based formulations - aqualux. They do not contain organic substances, and therefore environmentally friendly, dry quickly and do not have an unpleasant smell. For the treatment of exterior surfaces, purchase varnishes with water-repellent components. Such a surface will repel particles of dirt and dust.

To protect against moisture and wood pests in the dressing room can be used linseed oil. For a steam room, you should buy special impregnations of universal action - they increase the fire safety of the material, protect them from moisture, contain antiseptic components.

The important point is that the lining treatment in the bath is carried out before its installation. According to technology, it is necessary to process the crate and panels before installation and again after installation.

The trust of customers won brands such as:

• Lunawood - this Finnish company is a recognized leader in the production of thermowood. Lamels, subjected to high temperature and steam treatment, acquire increased resistance even to the harsh natural conditions, damage, rotting.Brand products are widely represented in the Russian Federation, and the main material for production is pine.
• Domestic manufacturer Astar It boasts a high quality material and a variety of options eurolining. Here you will find materials of all classes from “premium” to C. As for the types of panels, there is also a wealth of choice. Only lamellae of the Soft-line series, which are characterized by rounded corners, about 10 variations!

• Positive feedback was also achieved by the company's products. "Vyatskaya pine". Production is conducted on German and Italian equipment, and therefore the products are of high quality.
• The leader in the production of lumber is a domestic brand Prommax. Leading here is the production of eurolining of aspen, spruce and pine. Buyers note the optimal combination of high material reliability and affordable cost.

The statement that clapboard trim looks good only at a country house and in a country house in a “rustic” style is considered erroneous. The material is well combined with other textures and, if used properly, looks great even in high-tech interiors.

• Noble wood is ideally combined with plaster, wallpaper, tile. With the help of such combinations, it is easy to create a cozy classic or calm modern interior.
• Of course, the most organic finish clapboard looks in country style. In the apartment you can create such a corner in the dining room or living room. Preference should be given to the profile of light natural shades.
• And if you paint the panels in warm pastel shades, they fit perfectly into the style of Provence. Do not forget to supplement the interior with plastered walls and rough wooden floors.

• Do not do without wood panels when creating a Scandinavian style. For him, choose light, bleached materials. Lining here is used for wall and floor decoration. Do not forget the wooden beams on the ceiling. And so that the room does not look boring, “dilute” wooden surfaces with stone textures.
• Artificially aged lining in the finish - one of the hallmarks of chebbi-chic. Organically, it will look in small living rooms, attic, bedroom. The bathroom looks good light vertical or horizontal lining.
• In modern interiors, for example, in high-tech style, wooden profiles are the background that does not attract attention. To do this, the panels are painted in white or beige, sometimes a silvery shade.

How to sheathe a balcony clapboard, see the video below.