Fan pipe: installation and connection nuances

Sewage pipelines are well known to modern people. But it is not only waste water and solid particles that need to be taken outside - various smells are no less a nuisance, which can be fought with just by a funnel pipe.

A funnel is a fragment of the sewage system that connects the sewage spillway with the atmosphere. Thanks to this design, the danger of sewage is reduced, and the accumulation of bad "odors" is eliminated. Only in single-storey buildings the absence of such a technical hub is allowed. But when there are at least two floors, or more than one sanitary unit is placed in the house, it is impossible to do without it, otherwise a large-scale release of water from the tank and the vacuum it provokes will cause deterioration of the atmosphere in the house.

Existing regulations prescribe the installation of a pipe in the following cases:

• in houses with more than one level equipped with running water and sewage;
• in the event that the cross-section of the risers is 5 cm or more;
• if the house is equipped with a pool or other reservoir that discharges a significant amount of wastewater;
• in the case when the septic tank is located next to the dwelling.

For sewage can be used fan pipes made of cast iron or plastic. Cast iron is compatible exclusively with cast iron, plastic is much more versatile, so plastic is recommended for repairing and replacing broken parts. Metal products are now rarely used because they are not flexible enough and their range is too poor. Most often installation is made in the sewer line with a diameter of 110 mm.

Professionals believe that fan lines from dissimilar materials are not too durable. Ideally, all the details of the sewage system should be selected from the same substance. If such a solution is not possible, then it is worth consulting with qualified engineers how this or that combination of materials used will behave.The fan pipe can have almost any geometry - it is permissible to drive it vertically or horizontally. There are even separate options that are mounted under the slope.

The exit from any fan system will certainly be located abroad of a residential building, otherwise no effort will help to cope with the harmful odors that have appeared.

At installation of both cast-iron and plastic pipelines the same products are used as for the drainage channels:

• fitting;
• pipes;
• elbows;
• rubber cuffs;
• transition blocks;
• clamps (with their help, the trunk is mounted on the walls and other surfaces).

A funnel in a private house is formed by individual taps to drain points and risers. If the dwelling is rather large, and the bathrooms and toilet rooms are separated from each other, then a scheme with several drainage pipes is needed - this will help to avoid the placement of long horizontal sections of the pipeline with their inevitably weakened weakness.If several taps are connected in a single circuit, it is recommended to mount the pipe with a slight inclination. It should be understood that the placement of the original site in a warm room, and the final - on the street, it is extremely useful for intensive air exchange.

The faster the air flows through such a channel, the better the fresh atmosphere in the dwelling is maintained. Since the key part of the funnel pipes is placed vertically, you need to carefully approach the fastening of the structures. Accession is achieved by clamps made of metallic materials. Some experts consider it necessary to install sound insulation of funnel pipes at the expense of rolls of mineral wool and slab structures.

Standard requirements stipulate that it is not allowed to bring sewers to the attic. If, however, to mount the conclusion under the overhang, then as a result of falling snow or ice downwards, an expensive construction can be damaged. The height of the fan constructions above the pitched roof should be at least 50 cm, and if it is flat and not in use, this indicator should be at least 0.3 m.Most often, several pipes lead to the roof at once - among them, the air exhaust pipe will be the highest. It is strictly forbidden to form a single circuit of the fan and ventilating system, as well as connecting to chimney structures.

It is forbidden to bring the funnel closer to the windows closer than 400 cm. The best conclusion is considered to be at the site where the largest number of drainage structures is concentrated. Its transfer, for aesthetic reasons, is fundamentally unacceptable. It is also forbidden to supplement the funic pipes both inside the house and outside with any decorations - each such element can cause the formation of condensate and ice, a decrease in the effectiveness of odor care.

There is no need to contact specialists except for some particularly difficult cases. However, it is required to strictly follow the recommendations and guidelines of standards. The complexity of the construction of fan systems when using modern materials is small.

The diameter of the drain in the tanks is 7 cm. As for the drain pipes themselves, there are no particularly stringent requirements. In an apartment building, they should be the same size as the main sewer riser.

In private housing, it is fully justified to use the smaller output sizes twice, since air will move along them. Therefore, there is often mounted fan air ducts with a cross section of 50 mm. The drainage from the toilet bowl and the general sewer pipe are the same - 100 mm each.

These dimensions are the most rational in a private house. But there are also deviations, especially if the created load is small and a simultaneous significant flow of water is unlikely. If you are equipped with ventilation or supplying ventilation, then you should focus on diameters from 50 to 110 mm (usually 90) with a length of 300-400 cm. Pipelines with a height of 150 cm are in demand. Such values ​​are not simply formed in the framework of everyday practice - they are regulated by the SNiP.

Returning to the dimensions of the fun pipes themselves, it is worth noting that a diameter of 150 and 200 mm is typical for industrial versions of this device. At home, on the other hand, pipes with a diameter of 7.5 cm are occasionally installed. Such an approach is necessary if larger versions for geometric reasons do not fit in a particular sanitary unit.

Choosing the ideal device and determining its parameters is only half the battle. Equally important is the quality installation of equipment. Serious difficulties are the conclusion to the roof - work on the installation inside the house is no more difficult than manipulating with other plumbing. But to get around this problem is quite possible, if we proceed from the recommendations given by professionals. For example, they caution against the use of "fungi".

Raising warm air through a funnel pipe can lead to freezing of condensate on this element and blocking its lumen. In this case, inevitably reduced thrust. The closer the lead is to the ridge, the more reliable the system being created and the less likely it is that the snow mass will break the roof.In those buildings that differ in three or more floors with a long sewer layout, it is advisable to install two air ventilation towers. But here there is a rule: risers are performed straight, like arrows, since the slightest turn or bend will drastically reduce the effectiveness of their work.

The maximum result is achieved if the eyeliner is connected to the output by corrugated transition devices. When there is one exit to several risers, then the total diameter of the external discharge channel should be equal to the diameter of the riser. The auxiliary ventilation duct must be connected to the sewage system below the outermost plumbing device, or from the top to the upwardly diverted tee curve. But first, you should make sure that this outlet is placed above the sides of the instruments and inspection hatches, because sometimes even in the presence of a fan pipe there are odors.

The reasons for this circumstance may be related to the following problems:

• wear and depressurization of the cuff that attaches the toilet;
• broken sewer pipe connection;
• problems in the hydraulic gate.

If it is nevertheless decided to do the work on its own, then it should be understood that sometimes even the toilet bowl has to be removed. It is especially difficult to work with cast iron channels, which cause a lot of inconvenience even to specialists.

Disable the fan pipe in an apartment building is impossible. The only option is to negotiate with the neighbors so that they do not turn on washing machines for a while and do not open water taps. Toilet bowls are also not recommended for this time. Himself dismantling is made using a sledgehammer and angle grinders. The subsequent installation is always from the lowest point, and in private houses it coincides with the base of the foundation.

It is possible to simplify the connection of the parts of the pipes to each other by lubricating the sealing rings with silicone. But even if this reagent is not present, the problem is solved easily: you need to use a simple liquid soap.It is worth considering that the silicone bundle is stronger than the soap one, but it will complicate disassembly. If necessary, connecting with each other of cast-iron and plastic pipes, special adapters should be used, which can be purchased at any plumbing store. Fastening to the wall is made of metal clamps, which are much safer than plastic counterparts and more convenient to use.

Old fan pipes, installed a few decades ago, were mounted only on the floor and on the ceiling. Such a solution today is recognized as impractical, because it is much more efficient to attach all the sections of the contour. After completion of work with fasteners, sewer pipes are attached to the risers - for this purpose, taps or tees are used. Then comes the turn of the connection of the sewer circuit with sanitary equipment.

Apply sewer pipelines, equipped with acoustic protection, is very expensive. Most people will find it much more profitable to mount the necessary protection on their own. During the work use assembly foam or plates on a mineral basis.The disadvantage of the foam version is the need for any revision to cut it off and add it again. Hiding the risers in a soundproof box looks very aesthetic, but a control window must be provided.

The fan pipe itself does not have a slope, as it must be installed strictly vertically. As for the slope of the sewer pipelines, to which the ventilating circuit is connected, it should be 1-4 cm per 1 running meter. A smaller figure will slow the flow of all drains. Exceeding the allowable slope will lead to the fact that the liquid will leave faster than solid particles and inclusions.

Additionally mounted tee, which is embedded pipe for the toilet. The number of large tees should correspond to the number of discharge points. The only exception is the absence of the need to install such an element in the bathroom.

The withdrawal of the funnel pipes is directed in such a way that the accumulations of sewage gases are removed by the wind.It is unacceptable to place output in those places where they will concentrate and stagnate, even if no one visits these places. If for any reason it is impossible to bring the sewer pipe to the ventilation system, then it is allowed to move the outlet from the sanitary circuit through the wall.

Decorative sockets perfectly help to cope with the negative aesthetic effects of such a decision. For a bunch of several funnels, tees designed for angles of 45 or 135 degrees are used.

In the case when the attic of the house is used, it is necessary to increase the height of the output up to 3 m. All waste risers going through unheated rooms should have a thermal protection layer.

Plastic pipes should be removed through ceilings using metal sleeves. From above it is worthwhile to mount the cover and the net - they will protect small insects from penetrating into the fan system.Instead of a fan pipe, an air valve can sometimes be used, installed above the revision part of the riser. But such a solution is applicable only in homes where there is no more than one sanitary unit. Vacuum valves, regardless of their quality, quickly become clogged and cease to perform basic functions.

A problem with the valves also arises when the siphon (hydraulic valve) is deprived of water. In this situation, the whole system becomes useless. In addition, the hydraulic valve, even in the ideal mode, is not capable of 100% protection against unpleasant odors - it is necessary to supplement it with supply and exhaust ventilation ducts. Only a complete fan system is able to provide good air in homes with a toilet, bathroom, washing machines and dishwashers.

The waste pipes are mainly PVC. But it is much better to choose multilayer structures based on polypropylene, since they are distinguished by an increased level of sound insulation due to the presence of special additives. The increased wall thickness and optimal design at the corners also help extinguish extraneous sounds.In order not to be mistaken with the chosen sizes of the funnel pipes, it is recommended to carry out thorough engineering calculations of the entire system.

It is advisable to make a minimum of turns, and if you resort to them, then only at an angle of 45 degrees. The connection is made mechanically: solenoid. Any docking station must be equipped with a rubber seal that makes the riser airtight. It is advisable to choose collars with gaskets that suppress vibration, and put them in 700 mm increments. In houses made of natural or artificial stone, as well as when using reinforced concrete floors, pipes should be passed through them with fireproof cases.

Adequate protection against fire and mechanical damage is guaranteed by cuttings of steel pipes. In most cases, such cases are mounted directly in the arrangement of the floor. The key clipping factors are the draft of the house and the thermal deformation of the pipe from the inside. The liner should be about 10 mm in diameter over the pipe.

Most often such materials are:

• polyurethane foam;
• oiled rope;
• rope soaked in bitumen;
• silicone based sealant.

For the withdrawal of the fan system through the roof, it is allowed to use a special passage device. It is made both universal and adapted for a specific roofing material. Sometimes the fan pipe is pulled inside the chimney with a corresponding increase in its cross section.

It is forbidden to pull in the same ventilation.

It should also be borne in mind that if there is a septic tank in the house, then it will be necessary to openly open the ventilation. Do not install valves in unheated rooms where the accumulation of condensate can completely block their operation. It is very important to buy component parts only from well-known manufacturers - products of anonymous and little-known companies are rarely of high quality, and flaws are found only in a critical situation. In appearance, differences can not be found - even a specialist consultation with the purchase does not always help.

On the installation of the riser pipe from the fan pipe, see the following video.